【題目】小明住在靖江城北工業(yè)園區(qū)，經(jīng)過長期觀察他發(fā)現(xiàn)一個有趣的現(xiàn)象，他家附近一座高大的煙囪，夏季煙塵一般飄向偏北方，冬季煙塵一般飄向偏南方。據(jù)此回答下面小題。

【1】這種現(xiàn)象與我國氣候的特征相關(guān)？

A. 氣候復(fù)雜多樣 B. 季風(fēng)氣候顯著 C. 大陸性氣候分布廣 D. 以上都正確

【2】夏季，小明的家鄉(xiāng)常會出現(xiàn)自然災(zāi)害

A. 地震 B. 寒潮 C. 泥石流 D. 臺風(fēng)

【3】當(dāng)遭遇暴雨天氣時，下列做法不正確的是

A. 打雷時，可以在大樹下躲雨

B. 路面有積水時，謹(jǐn)慎行走，避開下水道井口

C. 盡快離開棚戶房之類的簡易破舊房屋，轉(zhuǎn)移到堅固的房屋內(nèi)

D. 因為降水量太大而導(dǎo)致交通不便，盡量減少戶外活動

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】A

【解析】本題主要考查氣候復(fù)雜多樣和主要氣候類型以及旱、澇、寒潮、臺風(fēng)等災(zāi)害性天氣的影響。

【1】我國的氣候特征是：氣候復(fù)雜多樣，季風(fēng)氣候顯著，大陸性特征顯著。在我國季風(fēng)區(qū)內(nèi)，冬、夏風(fēng)向有規(guī)律地更替著。夏季盛行來自海洋的偏南風(fēng)，冬季勁吹來自亞洲大陸內(nèi)部的偏北風(fēng)。正是這種冬夏相反的盛行風(fēng)向變化，帶來了明顯的氣候季節(jié)變化。所以工業(yè)園區(qū)內(nèi)有一座高大的煙囪，夏季煙塵一般飄向偏北方向，冬季煙塵一般飄向偏南方向，故本題選B。

【2】在中國登陸的臺風(fēng)平均每年有6～8次，主要影響中國東部沿海地區(qū)，特別是東南沿海的海南、廣東、廣西、臺灣、福建、浙江等沿海省區(qū)．襲擊中國的臺風(fēng)常發(fā)生在5﹣10月，尤以7﹣8月為多。我國夏季盛行來自海洋的偏南風(fēng)，冬季勁吹來自亞洲大陸內(nèi)部的偏北風(fēng)。靖江位于我國東部沿海地區(qū)，夏季容易出現(xiàn)臺風(fēng)等災(zāi)害性天氣，故本題選D。

【3】日常生活中，我們要學(xué)習(xí)一些在火災(zāi)、地震、水災(zāi)中逃生的科學(xué)知識，在一些突發(fā)事件中，要充分利用科學(xué)知識，進(jìn)行逃生。打雷時，在大樹下躲雨，容易被雷擊；當(dāng)遭遇暴雨天氣時，離開地勢低洼處，路面有積水時謹(jǐn)慎行走，避開下水道井口；盡快離開棚戶房之類的簡易或破舊房屋，轉(zhuǎn)移到堅固的房屋內(nèi)；因為降水量太大而導(dǎo)致交通不便，盡量減少戶外活動，故本題選A。

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