【題目】閱讀有關(guān)圖表,回答下列問題。
(1)地球自轉(zhuǎn)是圍繞 在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),周期約 天。上圖示意的是北半球節(jié)氣中的 日,太陽光直射在 (重要緯線),南寒帶出現(xiàn) 現(xiàn)象。
表1:夏至日我國三城市日出日落時(shí)刻表(北京時(shí)間)
地點(diǎn) | 經(jīng)度 | 緯度 | 日出時(shí)刻 | 日落時(shí)刻 |
烏魯木齊 | 87.6°E | 43.8°N | 06:27 | 21:55 |
北京 | 116.4°E | 39.9°N | 04:46 | 19:47 |
泉州 | 118.6°E | 24.9°N | 05:17 | 18:59 |
(2)北京與烏魯木齊緯度相近,但日出時(shí)刻比烏魯木齊較早,主要原因是 。
(3)北京的白晝時(shí)間比泉州更 (長或短)。(提示:晝長=日落時(shí)刻-日出時(shí)刻)。
(4)夏至日后,泉州的白晝時(shí)間將變 (長或短),日落時(shí)間將 (推遲或提早)。
【答案】
(1)地軸 1 夏至 北回歸線或23.5°N 極夜
(2)地球自西向東自轉(zhuǎn),北京位于烏魯木齊東面
(3)長
(4)短 提早
【解析】
試題分析:
(1)地球自始至終的圍繞地軸自西向東運(yùn)動(dòng),其自轉(zhuǎn)一周的時(shí)間為1天。地球在公轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),由于黃赤交角和地軸空間指向不變,使得一年內(nèi)太陽光線的直射點(diǎn)有規(guī)律地在南北回歸線之間移動(dòng)。據(jù)圖可知:上圖示意的是太陽光直射在北回歸線或23.5°N,為北半球夏至日,此時(shí),南寒帶出現(xiàn)極夜現(xiàn)象。
(2)由于地球的自西向東自轉(zhuǎn),地球上同緯度地區(qū)位置偏東的地方,要比位置偏西的地區(qū)先看到日出,這樣不同經(jīng)度的地方就產(chǎn)生了時(shí)間差異,而北京位于烏魯木齊東面,這就是造成北京與烏魯木齊緯度相近,但日出時(shí)刻比烏魯木齊較早的主要原因。
(3)據(jù)表格結(jié)合 “晝長=日落時(shí)刻-日出時(shí)刻”公式可知:北京的晝長為15:01,泉州的晝長為13:42,因此北京的白晝時(shí)間比泉州更長。
(4)夏至日以后,太陽直射點(diǎn)逐漸向南移動(dòng),隨著太陽直射點(diǎn)的南移,泉州的白晝時(shí)間將變短,日落時(shí)間將提早。
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