Question

【題目】【2016江蘇常州】閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Every living thing on Earth is either a plant or an animal, right? Wrong! Many organisms（有機(jī)體）in our world are neither. Some of them float through the air, and some lie hidden in the ground. They do not need sunlight to survive, and if the weather becomes too cold, they can become inactive until conditions improve.

What are these? They are called fungi(菌類), and you see them almost every day. Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting, such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the refrigerator. But other kinds are not so bad. For example, the yeast that is used to make bread and mushrooms (蘑菇) are both fungi.

What makes fungi different from plants and animals? An animal can move around by itself. Fungi get around too, but they don't have feet, wings, or tails. They have to wait for wind or some other outside force to move them. Plants are different from fungi because they have chlorophyll（葉綠素）. It helps them make food from the energy in sunlight. Fungi do not have chlorophyll.

Some fungi are bad, while others are not. Some fungi cause diseases, such as athlete’s foot, which makes feet uncomfortable. Other kinds of fungi can be used to make medicines, which have saved many lives.

Fungi clean up more than wounds, though. They are the world’s first recyclers. Without fungi, our world would be a mess. Since fungi cannot make their own food as plants do, they must get their food elsewhere. Many fungi get their food from dead plants. They break them down and turn them into soil. The fungi get a meal, and the world gets a housecleaning.

【1】What does the underlined word “disgusting”most probably mean?

A. strong B. unpleasant C. active D. small

【2】According to the passage, ______.

A. fungi can move everywhere by themselves

B. fungi are unable to survive in cold conditions

C. some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight.

D. some fungi are useful to humans and the environment

【3】Where can you most probably find this passage?

A. In a social report. B. In a biology book.

C. In a geography magazine. D. In a farming book.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】

試題分析：本文是對(duì)菌類的介紹：它是一種既不是動(dòng)物也不是植物的有機(jī)體。短文簡(jiǎn)介了其種類及與動(dòng)植物的不同之處等等。

【1】B詞義猜測(cè)題。題意：有下劃線的“disgusting”最有可能是什么意思？A. strong強(qiáng)壯的；B. unpleasant令人不愉快的；C. active活躍的，積極的；D. small小的。句意：Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting, such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the refrigerator.許多種類的細(xì)菌似乎disgusting,比如說出現(xiàn)在冰箱里長期放置的食物上的黑色、綠色的東西�？芍�，當(dāng)看到這類菌會(huì)產(chǎn)生反感，不舒服。故選B。

【2】D推理判斷題。題意：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，可以推測(cè)出什么？A. fungi can move everywhere by themselves細(xì)菌可以自己到處移動(dòng)；B. fungi are unable to survive in cold conditions細(xì)菌不能在寒冷的條件下幸存下來；C. some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight.一些細(xì)菌可以用太陽的能量做食物；D. some fungi are useful to humans and the environment一些細(xì)菌對(duì)人和環(huán)境有用。根據(jù)短文最后兩段可知，一些細(xì)菌不壞，對(duì)人類有用。故選D。

【3】B推理判斷題。題意：你最有可能在哪兒找到本文？A. In a social report.在一個(gè)社會(huì)報(bào)道里；B. In a biology book.在生物書上；C. In a geography magazine在地理雜志上； D. In a farming book.在一本農(nóng)事的書上。本文是有關(guān)細(xì)菌的生物知識(shí)，因此可能是在生物書上看到。故選B。