【題目】閱讀下列圖文資料,回答問題。

材料一 現(xiàn)階段,我國人口再生產(chǎn)類型實現(xiàn)了由高出生、低死亡、高增長的傳統(tǒng)型向低出生、低死亡、低增長的現(xiàn)代型的歷史性轉(zhuǎn)變。

材料二 據(jù)國家衛(wèi)生計生委統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2013年60歲及以上老年人口達到2億,本世紀30年代中期將達到4億,占總?cè)丝诘谋壤龑哪壳暗?/7提高到1/4;勞動年齡人口開始減少,2012年比上年減少345萬人,預(yù)計2023年以后,每年平均將減少約800萬人。

材料三 2013年11月,黨的十八屆三中全會《決定》明確提出了單獨兩孩政策——一方為獨生子女的夫婦可生育兩個孩子的政策。這是新時期我國人口政策的重大調(diào)整完善,備受社會關(guān)注。

(1)現(xiàn)階段,我國人口自然增長率較低,為什么我國每年新增的人口數(shù)量依然較大?

(2)現(xiàn)階段,我國人口再生產(chǎn)類型實現(xiàn)了歷史性轉(zhuǎn)變,使得“世界70億人口日”的到來推遲了5年。這一轉(zhuǎn)變得益于 。

(3)結(jié)合材料二回答:人口增長過慢,會給我國社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展帶來哪些問題?

【答案】(1)答:我國人口基數(shù)大。

(2)我國把計劃生育作為一項基本國策。

(3) 人口老齡化嚴重,社會養(yǎng)老負擔加重;導(dǎo)致勞動力數(shù)量不足,影響社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

【解析】(1)現(xiàn)階段,我國人口自然增長率較低,但由于人口基數(shù)大,每年新增的人口依然較大。

(2)現(xiàn)階段,我國人口再生產(chǎn)類型實現(xiàn)了歷史性轉(zhuǎn)變,使得“世界70億人口日”的到來推遲了5年,這一轉(zhuǎn)變得益于我國上個世紀70年代開始實行了計劃生育政策。

(3)人口增長過慢,會造成人口老齡化嚴重,會加重社會負擔,導(dǎo)致勞動力數(shù)量不足。

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