【題目】我國生育政策三年內從“單獨二胎”到“全面放開二孩”的變化，主要原因是
A.育齡婦女人數少B.人口負增長
C.人口老齡化D.生育觀念的改變
【答案】C
【解析】
根據中華人民共和國成立后，由于人民生活水平的提高和醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件的改善，人口死亡率大幅度下降，中國人口快速增長。根據2010年全國第六次人口普查結果，中國總人口為13.7億，約占世界人口總數的1/5，是世界上人口最多的國家，進行分析解答。
20世紀70年代以來，我國實行了計劃生育，在控制人口數量方面取得巨大成就，但同時也出現勞動力減少、社會養(yǎng)老負擔加重，人口老齡化等問題。2013年11月15日，中央決定放開“單獨二胎”生育政策。2015年10月29日黨的十八屆五中全會決定：堅持計劃生育的基本國策，完善人口發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，全面實施一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子政策，其目的就是為應對當前出現的人口問題，逐步調整完善現行的生育政策，促進人口長期均衡發(fā)展；結合題意。故選：C。
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