【題目】讀黃河水系圖，回答后面的問題。

（1）黃河發(fā)源于 山脈，注入 海。

（2）序號(hào)②是 平原，河段④由于泥沙淤積，河床抬高，很容易形成“ ”。

（3）治理甲區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的根本措施是 ，山脈乙的走向是 。

（4）列舉黃河上游的主要問題： 。

【答案】（1）巴顏喀拉 渤

（2）河套 地上河

（3）在中游黃土高原地區(qū)開展水土保持綜合治理（言之有理即可） 東北至西南

（4）氣候干旱，草場(chǎng)退化，荒漠化嚴(yán)重，凌汛。

【解析】（1）黃河發(fā)源于青藏高原的巴顏喀拉山，注入渤海。

（2）序號(hào)②是河套平原，黃河下游流經(jīng)的地形區(qū)是華北平原，成為舉世矚目“地上河”，原因是黃河從中游黃土高原帶來大量的泥沙進(jìn)入下游，下游流速減慢，地勢(shì)低平，泥沙堆積，河床抬高，成為舉世矚目的地上河。

（3）黃土高原地區(qū)最突出的生態(tài)問題就是水土流失，治理方法主要是植樹種草，大力加強(qiáng)植被保護(hù)，保持水土。

（4）黃河上游,土地荒漠化嚴(yán)重,農(nóng)業(yè)用水過多;中游水土流失嚴(yán)重;下游出現(xiàn)地上河,水旱災(zāi)害頻發(fā)。

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