【題目】讀下列材料回答問(wèn)題。

材料一:華北平原是我國(guó)小麥玉米棉花的集中產(chǎn)區(qū),其耕地面積約占全國(guó)的23%,但水資源量?jī)H占全國(guó)的38%

材料二:夏初,長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)陰雨綿綿,持續(xù)一個(gè)月之久。至七八月份,一段時(shí)間出現(xiàn)了晴朗干燥的天氣,這正是水稻旺盛生長(zhǎng)極需要水的時(shí)期。

材料三:云南省水資源量居全國(guó)第三,2009-2012年卻連續(xù)四年冬春季節(jié)遭遇大旱。

1以上三則材料分別反映了我國(guó)水資源時(shí)空分布的哪些特點(diǎn):

材料一反映我國(guó)水資源分布不均。

材料二反映我國(guó)水資源分布不均。

材料三反映我國(guó)水資源分布不均。

2結(jié)合上述材料分析水資源時(shí)空分布不均對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來(lái)的影響。

3針對(duì)我國(guó)水資源時(shí)空分布的特點(diǎn),可采取的措施有哪些?

4《中華人民共和國(guó)水法》中明確提出建設(shè)節(jié)水型社會(huì),要求在生產(chǎn)和生活中節(jié)約用水,防治水污染。對(duì)此你有哪些好的建議3條以上?

【答案】

1空間時(shí)間季節(jié)年際3分

2影響農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用方式,北方一旱地為主,南方以水田為主;造成農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)緩慢、減產(chǎn);影響人民群眾生活;影響工業(yè)生產(chǎn);制約社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等等

3跨流域調(diào)水 修建水庫(kù)

4發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)、生活中使用節(jié)水器具、治理水污染、循環(huán)用水、工業(yè)節(jié)水、海水淡化等等3點(diǎn)

【解析】

試題分析:

1材料一說(shuō)明了我國(guó)水資源的空間分布不均勻,華北平原的土地多水資源少,而南方地區(qū)的水資源多,土地資源少。材料二說(shuō)明了我國(guó)水資源的季節(jié)分布不均勻,有的季節(jié)降水多,水資源豐富,有的季節(jié)降水少,水資源缺乏。材料三說(shuō)明了我國(guó)水資源的年際變化很大,同一地區(qū)有的年份降水多,有的年份降水少。

2我國(guó)水資源分布不均勻影響農(nóng)業(yè)土地利用方式,北方一旱地為主,南方以水田為主;造成農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)緩慢、減產(chǎn);影響人民群眾生活;影響工業(yè)生產(chǎn);制約社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等等。

3我國(guó)水資源的空間分布不均的問(wèn)題,我國(guó)采取了跨流域調(diào)水,針對(duì)我國(guó)水資源的季節(jié)分布不均勻,我國(guó)采取了了興修水庫(kù)。

4我國(guó)水資源人均占有量少,且污染和浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重。所以發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)、生活中使用節(jié)水器具、治理水污染、循環(huán)用水、工業(yè)節(jié)水、海水淡化等等。

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