【題目】 古代描寫我國河流的詩句很多,其中蘇軾的《念奴嬌·赤壁懷古》中“大江東去,浪淘盡,千古風流人物”,就是對長江的描寫。
據(jù)此回答下列各題。
【1】導致長江這種流向的原因是()
A.地勢西高東低,呈階梯狀分布B.地形多種多樣,山區(qū)面積小
C.地勢南高北低,呈階梯狀分布D.氣候類型多樣,降水總量豐富
【2】對我國河流的敘述,不正確的是 ( )
A.外流河的水文特征深受季風氣候影響
B.內(nèi)流河大部分屬于季節(jié)性河流
C.長江自古以來就享有“黃金水道”的盛譽
D.黃河是我國第二大河
【答案】
【1】A
【2】D
【解析】
中國外流區(qū)面積610多萬平方千米,約占全國陸地總面積的64%.內(nèi)流區(qū)面積約占全國陸地總面積的36%.中國絕大多數(shù)河流分布在外流區(qū),外流河年徑流總量占全國的95%以上,內(nèi)流河年徑流總量不足5%。
【1】地勢的特點決定河流的流向,河流總是由高處向低處流,由于中國地勢西高東低,呈階梯狀分布,所以長江水自西向東流.故選:A。
【2】A、我國外流河的水文特征深受季風氣候的影響.隨著雨帶由南向北推移,河流水量驟增,水位上漲,形成汛期.故A不符合題意;
B、我國外流河多分布在西北內(nèi)陸.這里降水稀少,氣候干旱,河水主要來自高山冰雪融水.夏季,隨著冰雪融化,內(nèi)流河水量增多;夏季過后,河流水量逐漸減少,甚至斷流.所以,內(nèi)流河大部分屬于季節(jié)性河流.故B不符合題意;
C、長江中下游水流平穩(wěn),江面開闊,不少河段江面寬度超過10千米,航運價值高.長江地處亞熱帶季風氣候區(qū),降水豐富、無結(jié)冰期,四季通航,自古以來就享有“黃金水道”的盛譽,故C不符合題意;
D、黃河是我國第二長河,也是世界著名大河之一.它源自巴顏喀拉山,流經(jīng)青海、四川等9省區(qū),注入渤海,全長5464千米,流域面積75.24萬平方千米.故D符合題意。
故選:D
本題考查我國的地勢特點及影響,屬于基礎(chǔ)題,理解簡單即可。
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