解答:解:
(1)方案一:可選擇NaCl溶解在蒸餾水中進(jìn)行配制,需要NaCl的質(zhì)量=100g×0.9%=0.9g,需要水的質(zhì)量=100g-0.9g=99.1g;
方案二:可選擇向0.5%的NaCl溶液加入NaCl,繼續(xù)溶解而配制,設(shè)需要氯化鈉的質(zhì)量為x,x+(100g-x)×0.5%=100g×0.9%,解得x=0.4g,需要0.5%的NaCl溶液=100g-0.4g=99.6g;
方案三:選擇1.5%的NaCl溶液和0.5%的NaCl溶液進(jìn)行混合配制,設(shè)需要1.5%的NaCl溶液質(zhì)量為y,y×1.5%+(100g-y)×0.5%=100g×0.9%,解得y=40g,需要0.5%的NaCl溶液=100g-40g=60g;
方案四:選擇1.5%的NaCl溶液加蒸餾水稀釋進(jìn)行配制,設(shè)需要1.5%的NaCl溶液質(zhì)量為z,z×1.5%=100g×0.9%,解得z=60g,需要水的質(zhì)量=100g-60g=40g;
(2)設(shè)氯化鈉的質(zhì)量為x
NaCl+AgNO
3═AgCl↓+NaNO
358.5 143.5
x 2.87g
=
x=1.17g
該生理鹽水的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)=
×100%=0.9%,符合醫(yī)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn);
故答案為:
(1)方案一:選擇NaCl和蒸餾水配制.需要NaCl的質(zhì)量=100g×0.9%=0.9g,需要水的質(zhì)量=100g-0.9g=99.1g;
方案二:選擇NaCl和部分0.5%的NaCl溶液配制.設(shè)需要氯化鈉的質(zhì)量為x,x+(100g-x)×0.5%=100g×0.9%,解得x=0.4g,需要0.5%的NaCl溶液=100g-0.4g=99.6g;
方案三:選擇1.5%的NaCl溶液和0.5%的NaCl溶液進(jìn)行配制設(shè)需要1.5%的NaCl溶液質(zhì)量為y,y×1.5%+(100g-y)×0.5%=100g×0.9%,解得y=40g,需要0.5%的NaCl溶液=100g-40g=60g;
方案四:選擇1.5%的NaCl溶液和蒸餾水進(jìn)行配制,設(shè)需要1.5%的NaCl溶液質(zhì)量為z,z×1.5%=100g×0.9%,解得z=60g,需要水的質(zhì)量=100g-60g=40g;
(2)符合醫(yī)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn).