解:(1)(+1
)+(-5
),
=-(5
-1
),
=-4
;
(2)(
-
+
)×(-35),
=
×(-35)-
×(-35)+
×(-35),
=-17+20-28,
=-45+20,
=-25;
(3)-2
2-(-3)
3×(-1)
4,
=-4-(-27)×1,
=-4+27,
=23;
(4)
×(-
)-
,
=
×(-
)-(-
),
=-1+
,
=
;
(5)-2
2-(-3)
3×(-1)
4-(-1)
5,
=-4-(-27)×1-(-1),
=4+27+1,
=32;
(6)
+(-
)+
+(-
)+(-
),
=
+(-
)+(-
)+(-
)+
,
=0-1+
,
=-
;
(7)[(-
)
3×(-
)
2÷(-
)-3
2-(-3)
3]×(-1
4),
=[(-
)×
×(-2)-9-(-27)]×(-1),
=(12-9+27)×(-1),
=30×(-1),
=-30;
(8)(-81)÷2
×(-
)÷(-16),
=(-81)×
×(-
)×(-
),
=-81×
×
×
,
=-1;
(9)3-2×(-5)
2,
=3-2×25,
=3-50,
=-47;
(10)-48×(
-
+
-
),
=
×(-48)-
×(-48)+
×(-48)-
×(-48),
=-24+30-16+33,
=-40+63,
=23;
(11)(-
)
2×0.5
2×(-6)
3×2
4,
=
×
×(-216)×16,
=-96.
分析:(1)根據(jù)有理數(shù)的加法運(yùn)算法則進(jìn)行計算即可得解;
(2)利用乘法分配律進(jìn)行計算即可得解;
(3)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后算加減;
(4)先根據(jù)算術(shù)平方根與立方根的定義進(jìn)行計算,然后再算乘法,最后算加減;
(5)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后算加減;
(6)利用加法交換結(jié)合律,同分母分?jǐn)?shù)相加減;
(7)先算乘方,再算乘除,最后算加減進(jìn)行計算即可得解;
(8)把帶分?jǐn)?shù)化為假分?jǐn)?shù),除法轉(zhuǎn)化為乘法,按照從左到右的順序依次進(jìn)行計算即可得解;
(9)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后算加減;
(10)利用乘法分配律進(jìn)行計算即可得解;
(11)先算乘方,然后按照從左到右的順序依次進(jìn)行計算即可得解.
點評:本題考查的是有理數(shù)的運(yùn)算能力,注意:
(1)要正確掌握運(yùn)算順序,在混合運(yùn)算中要特別注意運(yùn)算順序:先三級,后二級,再一級;有括號的先算括號里面的;同級運(yùn)算按從左到右的順序;
(2)去括號法則:--得+,-+得-,++得+,+-得-.
(3)整式中如果有多重括號應(yīng)按照先去小括號,再去中括號,最后大括號的順序進(jìn)行.