解:( 。-2÷(-
)×(-4.5)
=-2×(-
)×(-
)
=-4;
(2)
=-24×
-(-24)×
+(-24)×
=-18+20-14
=-12;
(3)
=2-4×2×
=2-1
=1;
(4)
=(-
+
-
)×12
=-
×12+
×12-
×12
=-10+8-9
=-11;
(5)1÷(-3)×(-
)
=1×(-
)×(-
)
=
;
(6)
=9-(-
)×
-6÷
=9-(-
)-6×
=9+
-
=-
;
(7)-2
2×{
}
=-4×{[
×(-
)+(-
)]×(-3)}
=-4×{[(-
)+(-
)]×(-3)}
=-4×{-
×(-3)}
=-4×
=-
;
(8)3a+(-8a+2)-(3a-4)
=3a-8a+2-3a+4
=-8a+6;
(9)(x
2+2xy+y
2)-(x
2-xy+y
2)
=x
2+2xy+y
2-x
2+xy-y
2=3ay;
(10)9a
2-[7a
2-2a-2(a
2-3a)]-3
=9a
2-[7a
2-2a-2a
2+6a]-3
=9a
2-[5a
2+4a]-3
=9a
2-5a
2-4a-3
=4a
2-4a-3.
分析:(1)先把假分數(shù)和小數(shù)化為帶分數(shù),再按照從左到右的順序進行計算即可;
(2)先用-24同括號中的每一項分別相乘,再把所得結(jié)果相加減即可;
(3)去絕對值符號,同時把除法變成乘法,再算乘法,最后算減法;
(4)把除法變成乘法,再根據(jù)乘法的分配律展開,最后合并即可;
(5)把除法變成乘法,再根據(jù)乘法的法則計算即可;
(6)先算乘方,再算乘除,最后算加減;
(7)先算乘方和中括號內(nèi)的除法,再算括號內(nèi)加法,把除法把乘法,再按乘法法則進行計算即可;
(8)先去括號,再合并同類項即可;
(9)先去括號,再合并同類項即可;
(10)先去小括號,再去中括號,最后合并同類項即可.
點評:本題考查了有理數(shù)的混合運算和整式的混合運算,主要考查學生的化簡和計算能力.