【題目】 Are you nearsighted (近視的)? Do you ______ glasses? Many of you may ______ “yes”.

In fact, China’s young people have the ______ rate (率) of nearsightedness in the world, according to a(n) ______ from the World Health Organization. More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted.

In August, a plan to ______ this problem was introduced. It tries to cut down the rate of nearsightedness for middle school students to ______ than 60 percent by 2030. Schools across the country are taking action to meet this goal.

Luoyang Experimental School in Henan ______ its desks. It has designed (設(shè)計(jì)) desks with a board above the desktop. The board ______ students from lowering their heads too close to their desktops. More than 400 students have used them so far More students will do soon.

Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ ______ Studies have shown that proper desk height can ______ nearsightedness.

Spending more time outside can ______ reduce (減少) nearsightedness. The Yucai Middle School connected to Chengdu No 7 High School makes sure ______ its students play outside for at least 80 minutes every day. “We have a PE class and a 20-minute break in the morning and afternoon to do exercises”, said Sun Zihan, 14.

Staring at (盯) screens can also hurt our ______. Beijing 101 Middle School has a solution (答案) ______ this problem. In its classrooms, there are special boxes for storing students’ cellphones. “We have to ______ our cellphones every morning and get them back after school”, said Huang Jiameng, 15.

【1】A.wearB.dressC.breakD.repair

【2】A.talkB.speakC.sayD.tell

【3】A.bestB.leastC.lowestD.highest

【4】A.newsB.reportC.opinionD.decision

【5】A.causeB.developC.cheatD.solve

【6】A.fewerB.worseC.lessD.more

【7】A.pulled downB.sold outC.paid forD.started with

【8】A.leadsB.educatesC.stopsD.allows

【9】A.heightsB.weightsC.agesD.interests

【10】A.increaseB.changeC.preventD.continue

【11】A.neverB.alsoC.seldomD.too

【12】A.thatB.whatC.whyD.if

【13】A.earsB.handsC.headsD.eyes

【14】A.toB.onC.atD.in

【15】A.give outB.reach forC.hand inD.pick up

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】B

【5】D

【6】C

【7】D

【8】C

【9】A

【10】C

【11】B

【12】A

【13】D

【14】A

【15】C

【解析】

本文介紹了中國(guó)青少年近視的情況。并提出了合理的計(jì)劃。一是：使用帶有木板的課桌，這樣就會(huì)阻止學(xué)生們把頭放得離桌面太近。二是：根據(jù)學(xué)生的身高提供桌椅。三是：增加室外活動(dòng)時(shí)間。四是：減少盯著屏幕的時(shí)間，少玩手機(jī)。

【1】句意：你戴眼鏡嗎？A. wear穿，戴；B. dress穿…的服裝；C. break損壞；D. repair修理。根據(jù)Are you nearsighted (近視的)? 你近視嗎？可知，下文應(yīng)該是問(wèn)你戴眼鏡嗎？故選A。

【2】句意：你們中的許多人可能會(huì)說(shuō)“戴”。A. talk一般為不及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“交談，談話，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間的相互說(shuō)話；B. speak強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容。作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常以某種語(yǔ)言作賓語(yǔ)；C. say一般著重講話的內(nèi)容，指有連貫性的說(shuō)話，通常用做及物動(dòng)詞；D. tell意為“告訴、講述”，指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講述一件事。根據(jù)“yes”可知，這是指說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容。故選C。

【3】句意：事實(shí)上，中國(guó)年輕人的近視率是世界上最高的。A. best最好的；B. least最少的；C. lowest最低的；D. highest最高的。根據(jù)More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. 中國(guó)70%以上的中學(xué)生是近視�？梢酝浦袊�(guó)年輕人的近視率應(yīng)該是世界上最高的。達(dá)到了70% 以上。故選D。

【4】句意：根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的一份報(bào)告。A. news新聞；B. report報(bào)告；C. opinion意見(jiàn)；D. decision決定。根據(jù)More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. 中國(guó)70%以上的中學(xué)生是近視。可知，這是報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。應(yīng)該選擇report報(bào)告；故選B。

【5】句意：8月，提出了解決這一問(wèn)題的計(jì)劃。A. cause起因；B. develop 發(fā)展；C. cheat欺騙；D. solve解決。根據(jù)It tries to cut down the rate of nearsightedness for middle school students to ___6___ than 60 percent by 2030. 它試圖到2030年將中學(xué)生的近視率降低到60%以下。可知，這是計(jì)劃要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。因此是上文提出了解決這一問(wèn)題的計(jì)劃。故選D。

【6】句意：它試圖到2030年將中學(xué)生的近視率降低到60%以下。A. fewer更少的；B. worse更糟的；C. less較少的；D. more更多的。句中的the rate of nearsightedness：近視率；“近視率”是不可數(shù)的，因此排除A；選項(xiàng)B不符合語(yǔ)境，排除；根據(jù)More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted.和60 percent by 2030.可知，計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是：把70%的近視率降到60% 以下，是低了。因此選擇less較少的；故選C。

【7】句意：河南洛陽(yáng)實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校從課桌開(kāi)始。A. pulled down下拉；B. sold out售完；C. paid for支付；D. started with從……開(kāi)始。根據(jù)It has designed (設(shè)計(jì)) desks with a board above the desktop. 它設(shè)計(jì)了桌面上方有一塊木板的桌子�？芍�，計(jì)劃是從改變桌子開(kāi)始的。故選D。

【8】句意：這塊木板會(huì)阻止學(xué)生們把頭放得離桌面太近。A. leads領(lǐng)路；B. educates教育；C. stops停止；D. allows允許。本題考查stop…from…“阻止……”；語(yǔ)境是：木板會(huì)阻止學(xué)生們把頭放得離桌面太近。故選C。

【9】句意：同樣，人民大學(xué)朝陽(yáng)分校附屬中學(xué)也根據(jù)學(xué)生的身高提供桌椅。A. heights身高；B. weights體重；C. ages年齡；D. interests興趣。根據(jù)Studies have shown that proper desk height can ___10___ nearsightedness. 研究表明，適當(dāng)?shù)淖雷痈叨瓤梢苑乐菇��？芍�，人民大學(xué)朝陽(yáng)分校附屬中學(xué)應(yīng)該是根據(jù)學(xué)生的身高提供桌椅。故選A。

【10】句意：研究表明，適當(dāng)?shù)淖雷痈叨瓤梢苑乐菇暋?/span>A. increase增加；B. change 改變；C. prevent防止；D. continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ ___9___同樣，人民大學(xué)朝陽(yáng)分校附屬中學(xué)也根據(jù)學(xué)生的身高提供桌椅�？芍�，適當(dāng)?shù)淖雷痈叨仁强梢苑乐菇暤�。故選C。

【11】句意：多花些時(shí)間在外面也可以減少近視。A. never從未；B. also也，用于句中；C. seldom很少；D. too也，用于句末。根據(jù)Spending more time outside can ___11___ reduce (減少) nearsightedness. 多花些時(shí)間在外面_______ 可以減少近視。和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本題是句中的 “也”，因此應(yīng)該選擇also也，用于句中；符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

【12】句意：與成都第七中學(xué)相連的育才中學(xué)確保學(xué)生每天至少在室外玩80分鐘。make sure，后接賓語(yǔ)從句。A. that：當(dāng)從句是陳述句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，that不做任何成分，可省略；B. what什么；C. why為什么；D. if如果。make sure + that 從句。語(yǔ)境是：與成都第七中學(xué)相連的育才中學(xué)確保學(xué)生每天至少在室外玩80分鐘。故選A。

【13】句意：盯著屏幕也會(huì)傷害我們的眼睛。A. ears耳朵；B. hands手；C. heads頭；D. eyes眼睛。根據(jù)Staring at (盯) screens盯著屏幕看，可以推知，應(yīng)該會(huì)傷害我們的眼睛。故選D。

【14】句意：北京101中學(xué)對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題有一個(gè)解決方案。A. to向，朝；B. on在……上；C. at在(某處)；D. in在……里。a solution to this problem：?jiǎn)栴}的解決方法。故選A。

【15】句意：我們每天早上都要交手機(jī)，放學(xué)后再拿回來(lái)。A.give out散發(fā)；B. reach for伸手去取；C. hand in上交；D. pick up撿起。根據(jù)get them back after school放學(xué)后再拿回來(lái)。可知，應(yīng)該是每天早上都要交手機(jī)。放學(xué)后才能拿回來(lái)。故選C。

完形填空題與單項(xiàng)選擇題不同，它給出的是一篇意思較為完整的短文。做該題型試題時(shí)，首先應(yīng)跳過(guò)空格通讀全文，以全文為背景，聯(lián)系句子的上下文進(jìn)行推理和判斷，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一項(xiàng)進(jìn)行試填�？忌梢詮脑~義用法、固定搭配、邏輯推理和上下文的聯(lián)系等方面去考慮。最后應(yīng)再把全文通覽一遍，細(xì)心檢查所選答案能否使短文上下連貫，前后呼應(yīng)，詞句通順，使短文意思完整。檢查時(shí)還應(yīng)從語(yǔ)法、慣用法、邏輯推理和事情發(fā)生的情節(jié)等方面進(jìn)行考慮，以達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤之目的。第4小題考查名詞辨析。句意：根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的一份報(bào)告。A. news新聞；B. report報(bào)告；C. opinion意見(jiàn)；D. decision決定。根據(jù)More than 70 percent of middle school students in China are nearsighted. 中國(guó)70%以上的中學(xué)生是近視�？芍@是報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。應(yīng)該選擇report報(bào)告；故選B。第10小題是考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：研究表明，適當(dāng)?shù)淖雷痈叨瓤梢苑乐菇暋?/span>A. increase增加；B. change 改變；C. prevent防止；D. continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)Similarly, the High School Affiliated to Renmin University Chaoyang Branch School is now providing desks and chairs according to students’ ___9___同樣，人民大學(xué)朝陽(yáng)分校附屬中學(xué)也根據(jù)學(xué)生的身高提供桌椅�？芍�，適當(dāng)?shù)淖雷痈叨仁强梢苑乐菇暤摹９蔬xC。

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