Question

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Movie-making factories are called studios. Like all other businesses, they have to follow the rules of good business. There is a person, called “the top man”, running the studio. He is usually someone with a powerful personality. His power of character is necessary so that the “boss” can deal with famous stars and rich investors (投資者). Some movie stars can only contract with one studio. They cannot work for another. Big studios like Columbia, Fox, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer are the most important film-making companies in Hollywood, and at the time, in the world.

Studios have lots of workers and overhead costs. Overhead refers to the money for everyday operations. The studio has to make enough money to pay everyone. For example, studios have their own screenwriters, filming and sound equipment, offices, and marketing staff. A studio has a building full of pros which are items and objects that might be needed for a movie, such as old cars, everything from old-fashioned schoolbooks to streetlights. Like a librarian, the studio property (財(cái)產(chǎn)) manager has to be able to find any needed pros fast.

In the studio system, a movie is under the control of the studio manager, usually a producer. A screenwriter writes the story for the movies. A director is chosen to organize the parts. Art directors and camera experts work with the director to imagine the finished film. Studio clothes designers and set designers work with the director to plan the work for the soldiers and doctors. The huge buildings that hold sound stages change into the setting for the movie. Sometimes the stage is a street, sometimes a desert, sometimes a field of flowers. The director of filming plans how to “shoot” (拍攝) the movie with cameras and film. A plan for ordering the parts of the movie and a timetable for the actors completes the planning. With makeup artists and hairdressers, cameras and sound experts, everything is ready for the big day. The actors and actresses memorize the lines, and all the parts of the great production come together. All is ready for the filming to begin. The post-production team waits to do their part of the job.

1.What are studios?

2.Why is the top man’s power of character necessary?

3.How does the studio property manager help with the movie-making?

4. Who plans how to “shoot” the movie?

5. What is the main idea of the passage?

Answer 1