【題目】Ⅲ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
【1】The bridge ____________(finish)in three weeks.
【2】You can go out if your homework ____________(do).
【3】This is one of the things that ____________(see)that day.
【4】This is the only one of the things that ____________(see)that day.
【5】When was PRC ____________(found)?
【答案】
【1】will be finished
【2】is done
【3】were seen
【4】was seen
【5】founded
【解析】
【1】句意“這座橋?qū)?huì)在三周后建好”。
主語the bridge與謂語finish之間為被動(dòng)be done,且根據(jù)in three weeks可知,用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填will be finished。
【2】句意“如果你的作業(yè)寫完了你可以出去”。
主語your homework與謂語do之間為被動(dòng)be done,且根據(jù)句意可知,if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用“主將從現(xiàn)”原則,即用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),且homework為不可數(shù)名詞,故填is done。
【3】句意“這是那天看到的事情之一”。
在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語從句所修飾的先行詞應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù)形式,且謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。且one of the one thing與謂語之間為被動(dòng),且表示過去被看,故填were seen。
【4】句意“這是那天唯一看到的東西”。
在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語從句所修飾的先行詞應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù)形式,且謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。若one前面有the only修飾時(shí),定語從句所修飾的先行詞應(yīng)為the only one,定語從句中的謂語用單數(shù),且表示被動(dòng),故填was seen。
【5】句意“中華人民共和國是什么時(shí)候成立的?”。
PRC與found“建立”之間為被動(dòng)be done,且根據(jù)空前was可知,用過去分詞,故填founded。
考生在做此類題時(shí),首先理解句子或者對話的意思。其次分析括號(hào)中單詞的詞性,聯(lián)想該單詞的常見變形。然后分析句子成分,找出括號(hào)中單詞在句子中做的成分。最后將所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填入相應(yīng)的空格中,再讀題,檢查句子是否完整,表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確無誤。
(1)若括號(hào)中給出動(dòng)詞,空格在形容詞之后,則此處填名詞;若空格在動(dòng)詞之后,要根據(jù)空格前的動(dòng)詞選擇相應(yīng)的固定搭配,填出正確的非謂語形式。
(2)若括號(hào)中給出名詞,空格設(shè)在名詞前,則需要形容詞形式;若空格設(shè)在many, two, a number of等表示復(fù)數(shù)概念的詞后,要將名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。
(3)若括號(hào)中給出形容詞,空格設(shè)在動(dòng)詞后,要用副詞形式;空格設(shè)在than之前much之后,或者句中有of the two等比較等級的提示詞,用形容詞比較級;空設(shè)在one of之后,或者句中有in或among等最高級的提示詞,用形容詞最高級。
(4)若括號(hào)中給出基數(shù)詞,一般是將基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞,要注意對于one或two翻譯成“一次”或“兩次”時(shí)要填once或twice。
(5)若括號(hào)中給出代詞,空設(shè)在動(dòng)詞后,用賓格形式;空設(shè)在名詞前,用形容詞性物主代詞;空設(shè)在by之后或者其他反身代詞的固定用法時(shí),用反身代詞。
例如第1題,空處所給單詞為finish,且句中缺少謂語,考慮時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài),根據(jù)in three week可知,“in+一段時(shí)間”表示將來,用一般將來時(shí),且主語the bridge與謂語finish之間為被動(dòng)be done,故填will be finished。
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