Question

【題目】Word transformation. Each word can be used only once.

choice necessary heavy intention association

lying appreciation solve direction adjust

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to capture the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is 【1】 with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty 【2】 in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create 【3】 to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid 【4】 decorations.

More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is soulless design. Post-Modernist designers began to experiment with decoration and color again. Product design was【5】 influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen appliances such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what it is 【6】 for. For example, think of an adjustable desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular 【7】 by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 【8】 light where it is needed.

Form follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into consideration the sensory side of our nature -- sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational（理性的）. When 【9】 everyday products such as toothpaste, we 【10】 a cool-looking device that allows us to easily squeeze the toothpaste onto our brush.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】associated

【2】lies

【3】solutions

【4】unnecessary

【5】heavily

【6】intended

【7】adjustments

【8】direct

【9】choosing

【10】appreciate

【解析】

本文講述了優(yōu)秀設(shè)計的黃金法則，多年來，設(shè)計師和藝術(shù)家一直試圖抓住好的設(shè)計的本質(zhì)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一些諺語可以幫助人們理解好的設(shè)計理念。：少即是多；更多并不令人厭煩；適用于用戶目的；形式服從情感。

【1】句意：這句話與德國出生的建筑師密斯·凡·德·羅有關(guān)。

根據(jù)be associated with表示“與……有關(guān)”，分析句子“This saying is __1__ with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe”這句話 德國出生的建筑師密斯·凡·德·羅 ，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)是associated，故答案為associated。

【2】句意：在他的現(xiàn)代主義觀點(diǎn)中，美在于簡潔和優(yōu)雅。

根據(jù)lie in表示“在于”；分析句子“beauty ___2___ in simplicity and elegance”美 簡潔和優(yōu)雅，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)該是lie，因?yàn)橹髡Z是“beauty ”，所以謂語動詞用三單，故答案為lies。

【3】句意：設(shè)計師的目的是通過最有效的手段來解決問題。

根據(jù)分析句子“the aim of the designer is to create __3__ to problems through the most efficient means”，設(shè)計師的目的是通過創(chuàng)造最有效的手段來解決問題，此處缺名詞，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)該是解決方案，solution是可數(shù)名詞，故答案為solutions。

【4】句意：設(shè)計應(yīng)避免不必要的裝飾。

分析句子“ Design should avoid ___4___ decorations.”此處缺形容詞來修飾名詞“decorations”，設(shè)計應(yīng)避免 裝飾，結(jié)合本小段的主題為“少即是多”，所以此處是unnecessary。

【5】句意：受這一觀點(diǎn)深深地影響，可以在廚房用具中看到，如烤箱和水壺。

分析句子“Product design was___5___ influenced by this view”，此處缺副詞來修飾was influenced，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)是深深地，故答案為heavily。

【6】句意：對于用戶來說，最重要的結(jié)果是產(chǎn)品達(dá)到了預(yù)期的目的。

根據(jù)be intended for表示“打算為……所用”，結(jié)合句子“The most important result for the user is that the product does what it is ___6___ for.”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以此處是達(dá)到預(yù)期目的，故答案為 intended。

【7】句意：它需要的材料將承受燈的熱量和由用戶的定期調(diào)整。

分析句子“…will stand the heat of the lamp and regular ___7___ by the user. ”此處缺名詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以此處是“臺燈要經(jīng)得住用戶的定期調(diào)整”，adjustment是可數(shù)名詞，故答案為adjustments。

【8】句意：最重要的是，它需要將光射到需要的地方。

分析句子“it needs to ___8___ light where it is needed. ”它需要將光 到需要的地方，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以此處是“把燈光對準(zhǔn)”，根據(jù)need to do，所以此處用動詞原形，故答案direct。

【9】句意：當(dāng)我們選擇日常用品如牙膏時

分析句子“When ___9___ everyday products such as toothpaste, we …”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，所以此處是選擇choose；結(jié)合主語是“we”與所給選項(xiàng)“choose”之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動關(guān)系，故答案為choosing 。

【10】句意：我們欣賞一種看起來很酷的設(shè)備，它能讓我們輕松地把牙膏擠到牙刷上。

分析句子“we __10__ a cool-looking device that allows us to easily squeeze the toothpaste onto our brush.”我們 一種看起來很酷的設(shè)備，它能讓我們輕松地把牙膏擠到牙刷上，此處缺謂語動詞。結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)該是欣賞，故答案為appreciate。