【題目】將下列英語句子譯成漢語,漢語句子譯成英語。
【1】The Belt and Road has increased the communication among the countries in a rapid way.
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【2】No matter how hard your situation is, you had better not lose heart.
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【3】春天一到,鳥兒就飛回北方。(as soon as)
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【4】去年暑假他教會了爺爺如何用新手機。 (how to do)
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【5】有時作業(yè)太難,許多學(xué)生不會做。(too...to...)
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【答案】
【1】“一帶一路”以很快的速度增進了國家間的交流。
【2】不論你的處境有多難,你最好別灰心。
【3】Birds will fly to the north as soon as spring comes.
【4】He taught his grandpa how to use the new mobile phone last summer holiday.
【5】Sometimes the homework is too difficult for many/some/a lot of students to do.
【解析】
【1】The Belt and Road是我們國家倡導(dǎo)的“一帶一路”;increase增加,是動詞;the communication among the countries是名詞短語,“國家之間的交流”;in a rapid way快速地。
【2】這句話中No matter how引導(dǎo)了一個讓步狀語從句,“無論多么…”。situation是名詞,意為“處境,情況”;主句中had better是固定短語,“最好…”,后面跟動詞原形;lose heart是固定短語,“灰心”。
【3】as soon as“一…就…”,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),主句用一般將來時態(tài)。故這句話應(yīng)為Birds will fly to the north as soon as spring comes.
【4】根據(jù)句意可知,這句話說的是去年暑假的事,應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài),注意謂語動詞變?yōu)檫^去式,teach的過去式是taught;how to use the new mobile phone是疑問詞how+動詞不定式形式,在句中作賓語。
【5】sometimes有時候,是一個副詞;這句話中使用了句型too+形容詞+ for sb. to do sth.“太…以至于不能…”。
這個題目是英漢互譯,考查學(xué)生們英語的表達能力和對句子的理解能力。英譯漢相對較簡單,先理解句中每個單詞或短語的意思,注意不要逐詞翻譯,應(yīng)從句子整體結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā),看清使用的短語和句型,翻譯時注意語句通順、流暢。漢譯英要稍難一些,注意英語表達習(xí)慣和漢語的不同,每句話后面給出了應(yīng)使用的句型,要按照題目要求進行翻譯。同時需要注意使用正確的時態(tài),謂語動詞的形式相應(yīng)的變化。例如第3小題,考查as soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時,主句用一般將來時。再如第4小題,句中有“去年暑假”,這里說的是過去的事情,所以應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài),謂語動詞變?yōu)檫^去式。
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【題目】A research study has looked into what happens inside your brain while you read and listen to music. You know that thrill(興 奮 )you get when listening to your favorite music?That exciting feeling when you hear your favorite songs?According to a recent study,it seems the same thing can happen while you are reading,but not with every kind of text. This opens up interesting questions around how music,reading and emotions are connected in the brain.
The study
“ We decided we would do a comparison between four or five different kinds of texts to see how the brain reacted,”explains Adam Zeman,a scientist. “ The participants (參 與 者 )lay in an MRI scanner reading the texts,and then we compared brain activity for those five texts.”The texts ranged (涉 及 )from deadly boring ones to highly exciting ones,including the Highway Code,parts from novels,and poems.
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Emotional reaction
As the researchers observed,participants found some texts more emotional than others. When reading these emotional texts,there was higher activity in brain areas related to pleasure and reward—the same areas related to the thrill we get when we listen to music. As Zeman says,“ it perfectly shows that the emotional reaction to literature(文 學(xué) )and to music has quite a bit in common. So it doesn't seem to matter whether you are listening or reading if you get a thrill. That was one quite strong finding.”
Introspection(內(nèi) 省 )
There were more interesting findings. Reading poetry is often considered an activity that requires us to use the brain,but did the study find any truth of this?When the participants were reading poems,the team found there was more activity in a particular group of brain areas called the Default Network. “ These areas seem to be related to things we do with our minds when we are resting,like thinking about what's happened to us recently,thinking about what's going to happen in the near future,about other people,and that network seems to be more strongly related to poetry than with other texts,”explains Zeman. This connection between poetry and introspection could be the subject of further research.
Conclusions
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【3】What can we learn from the study?
A. The emotional texts work better for the research.
B. Poetry reading can activate the Default Network.
C. Music helps to bring pleasure and reward.
D. People think about the past when resting.
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