Question

【題目】

Have you stroked (撫摸) a cute dog recently? If that dog touched you with its nose, you might find how wet and cold it was. If dogs are so warm and fluffy (毛茸茸 的), then why are their noses so cold?

Before, people thought that dogs had cold noses to help them control their body temperature. But, a new study in the journal Scientific Reports has shown some interesting findings about dogs’ noses. The study found that when the air temperature was 30 ℃, the tip of a dog’s nose is about five degrees cooler than the air. But why is this?

The researchers believed that the tip of a dog’s nose has a special sensory function (探測(cè)功 能). So, they did an experiment to test it. The study showed that dogs could find weak heat sources—like a small animal—with their noses from 1.5 meters away.

The research team studied three dogs named Charlie, Delfi and Kevin. For the experiment, the dogs had to tell the difference between two objects. The two objects were heated to different temperatures. Amazingly, all three dogs were able to sense the temperature difference between both objects.

The study also found that the heat from the objects in the experiment “was too weak to be felt by human hands, even at very short distances”. The dogs were able to sense these heated objects from a distance, but humans were only able to feel the warmth of the object if they touched it.

To know more about it, the research team also studied the brain activity of 13 dogs. When a warm object was put near their noses, there was an increase in brain activity.

“From the two complementary (互補(bǔ)的) experiments, we can know that dogs are indeed able to sense heat from warm-blooded animals, and a special region of the brain is made to be active by such heat.” said Anna Balint, the leader of the study.

【1】What did the new study published in the journal Scientific Reports find about dogs?

A.What makes dogs loyal.B.Why dogs have cold noses.

C.How dogs feel heat better.D.How a dog’s temperature influences its brain activity.

【2】Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “region”?

A.Way.B.Area.C.Type.D.Change.

【3】What happened to the dogs when a warm object was put near their noses?

A.They showed no change in their brain activity.B.They had different kinds of excitement.

C.Their brain activity slowed down.D.Their brains became more active.

【4】What can we infer from the passage?

A.Heat sensing ability can help dogs hunt for food.

B.The tip of a dog’s nose has a special sensory function.

C.Dogs are smarter than other animals.

D.The two experiments found different results.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

這篇短文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)發(fā)表在科學(xué)報(bào)告期刊上的關(guān)于解釋狗的鼻子為何總是濕冷的研究。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題，定位到原文第二、三、四段，說明了當(dāng)空氣溫度是30度時(shí)，狗的鼻尖溫度會(huì)比氣溫低5度。而這是因?yàn)楣返谋羌庥幸粋�(gè)特定的感官功能，可以在1.5米外感應(yīng)出弱熱感源，這也解釋了為什么狗的鼻子比較涼。B選項(xiàng)“狗狗為什么鼻子是涼的”，符合題意，故選B。

【2】

詞義猜測(cè)題，Way方式；Area區(qū)域；Type類型；Change變化。觀察句子，這里是of的從屬結(jié)構(gòu)，表示的是“大腦的……因這種熱量而變得活躍起來”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)詞義，應(yīng)該是大腦的特殊區(qū)域，故選B。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題，文中寫道“When a warm object was put near their noses, there was an increase in brain activity.”，可知當(dāng)實(shí)驗(yàn)人員把暖和的物體放到狗鼻子前時(shí)，狗的大腦活動(dòng)會(huì)有所增加。D項(xiàng)“它們的大腦會(huì)變得更活躍”，符合文意。故選D。

【4】

推理判斷題，分析原文最后一段內(nèi)容，是這個(gè)研究的第一作者的觀點(diǎn)。他認(rèn)為“狗狗的確能夠感覺到溫血?jiǎng)游锏臒崃�，它們用這個(gè)信息來捕獵，然后它們大腦中的特定部位就會(huì)被激活。”再觀察各選項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)“熱感應(yīng)能力可以幫助狗尋找食物�！�，食物有溫度，的確熱感應(yīng)能力可以幫助找食物； B項(xiàng)“狗的鼻尖有一種特殊的感官功能�！�，最后一段發(fā)現(xiàn)的是我們可以知道狗確實(shí)能夠感覺到溫血?jiǎng)游锇l(fā)出的熱量，大腦的一個(gè)特殊區(qū)域因這種熱量而變得活躍起來。C項(xiàng)“狗比其他動(dòng)物聰明”，文中并沒有對(duì)比，故排除。D項(xiàng)“這兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)得出了完全不同的結(jié)論”，這兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果是互補(bǔ)的，是有關(guān)聯(lián)的，故排除此選項(xiàng)。本題問的是從最后一段能夠推斷出什么，故選A。