【題目】落實科學(xué)發(fā)展觀,轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟增長方式,建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會是今后社會發(fā)展的總趨勢。結(jié)合世界能源消費構(gòu)成比例圖,回答下列問題。

【1】關(guān)于世界能源消費構(gòu)成的變化，下列敘述正確的是( )

①20世紀(jì)世界能源消費構(gòu)成的主體是煤炭

②能源的消費地位能夠體現(xiàn)一個時代的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平

③目前煤炭的能源地位下降主要是因為其儲量小,開采量減小

④未來，在世界能源消費構(gòu)成中太陽能、核能、生物能等新能源所占的比例會逐步上升

A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①②③④

【2】針對我國能源利用現(xiàn)狀,應(yīng)采取的最根本措施是( )

①調(diào)整能源消費結(jié)構(gòu),積極開發(fā)利用新能源 ②只使用廉價、清潔燃料

③調(diào)整工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),控制高耗能企業(yè)的盲目發(fā)展 ④關(guān)停所有高耗能企業(yè),達(dá)到節(jié)約能源的目的

A.①③ B.①② C.②④ D.①④

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【解析】

試題分析：

【1】讀圖可知，20世紀(jì)世界能源消費構(gòu)成中煤炭的比例最高，所以世界能源消費構(gòu)成的主體是煤炭，①對。從世界能源消費構(gòu)成的變化可以看出，隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平的提高，新能源所占比例越高，所以能源的消費地位能夠體現(xiàn)一個時代的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平，②對。目前煤炭的能源地位下降主要是因為其對環(huán)境影響大，③錯。未來，在世界能源消費構(gòu)成中由于化石燃料的非可再生性，加之對于環(huán)境的影響，太陽能、核能、生物能等新能源所占的比例會逐步上升，④對。故選C。

【2】我國能源利用現(xiàn)狀是仍然以煤炭為主，且能源利用率較低，浪費嚴(yán)重。所以我國應(yīng)當(dāng)調(diào)整能源消費結(jié)構(gòu),積極開發(fā)利用新能源，①對。調(diào)整工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),控制高耗能企業(yè)的盲目發(fā)展，③對。只使用廉價、清潔燃料和關(guān)停所有高耗能企業(yè),達(dá)到節(jié)約能源的目的，不符合經(jīng)濟發(fā)展規(guī)律，②④錯。故選A。

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