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質(zhì)量為m,電量為+q的帶電小球用絕緣細(xì)線懸掛在O點(diǎn),現(xiàn)加一豎直向下的勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng),懸線所受拉力為3mg.                                                                                                                                   

(1)求所加電場(chǎng)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)E為多大?                                                                               

(2)若場(chǎng)強(qiáng)大小不變,方向變?yōu)樗较蜃螅胶鈺r(shí)懸線的拉力T?                                    

                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                     

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為了描繪標(biāo)有“3V,0.4W”的小燈泡的伏安特性曲線,要求小燈炮兩端電                              

壓能從零開(kāi)始變化.所給器材如下:                                                                             

A.電流表(0~200mA,內(nèi)阻0.5Ω)                                                                            

B.電流表(0~0.6A,內(nèi)阻0.01Ω)                                                                              

C.電壓表(0~3V,內(nèi)阻5kΩ)                                                                                   

D.電壓表(0~15V,內(nèi)阻50kΩ)                                                                               

E.滑動(dòng)變阻器(0~10Ω,0.5A)                                                                                 

F.電源(3V)                                                                                                              

G.電鍵一個(gè),導(dǎo)線若干.                                                                                            

(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)中所用電流表和電壓表應(yīng)選用                                                                 

(2)在方框中畫(huà)出實(shí)驗(yàn)電路圖1.                                                                                

(3)考慮到金屬電阻率與溫度的關(guān)系,圖2中能較正確反映通過(guò)小燈泡的電流I與燈泡兩端的電壓U之間的變化關(guān)系的是                                                                                                       .                     

                                

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已知滿(mǎn)偏電流為 Ig=3mA,內(nèi)阻為Rg=100Ω的電流表,把它串聯(lián)一個(gè)4.9kΩ的電阻后,作電壓表使用,該電壓表的量程為                                                                                                            V.若用它測(cè)量某一電路兩端電壓時(shí),電壓表示數(shù)如圖所示,則電路兩端電壓為                                                                       V.

                                                                                                

                                                                                                                                     

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有一游標(biāo)卡尺,主尺的最小分度是1mm,游標(biāo)上有20個(gè)小的等分刻度.用它測(cè)量一小球的直徑,如圖甲所示的讀數(shù)是                                                                                                           mm.用螺旋測(cè)微器測(cè)量一根金屬絲的直徑,如圖乙所示的讀數(shù)是                                                                                            mm.        

                                 

                                                                                                                                     

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一帶電粒子射入固定在O點(diǎn)的點(diǎn)電荷的電場(chǎng)中,粒子軌跡如圖虛線abc所示,圖中實(shí)線是同心圓弧,表示電場(chǎng)的等勢(shì)面,不計(jì)重力,可以判斷(                                                                )                               

                                                                                                            

    A. 粒子受到靜電排斥力的作用       B.  粒子速度vb>va

    C. 粒子動(dòng)能Eka<Ekc         D. 粒子電勢(shì)能Epb>Epc

                                                                                                                                     

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示波管是示波器的核心部件,它由電子槍、偏轉(zhuǎn)電極和熒光屏組成,如圖所示.如果在熒光屏上P點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)亮斑,那么示波管中的(   )                                                                                                        

                                                        

    A. 極板X(qián)應(yīng)帶正電           B. 極板X(qián)′應(yīng)帶正電

    C. 極板Y應(yīng)帶正電           D. 極板Y′應(yīng)帶正電

                                                                                                                                     

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如圖所示,用兩節(jié)干電池點(diǎn)亮幾個(gè)小燈泡,干電池內(nèi)阻不可忽略.當(dāng)逐一閉合開(kāi)關(guān),接入燈泡增多時(shí),以下說(shuō)法正確的是(   )                                                                                                                  

                                                                                             

    A.  燈少時(shí)各燈較亮,燈多時(shí)各燈較暗

    B.  燈多時(shí)各燈兩端電壓較低

    C.  燈多時(shí)通過(guò)電池的電流較小

    D.  燈多時(shí)通過(guò)各燈的電流較大

                                                                                                                                     

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在閉合電路中,下列敘述正確的是(   )                                                              

    A.  當(dāng)外電路斷開(kāi)時(shí),路端電壓等于零

    B.  閉合電路的電流跟電源的電動(dòng)勢(shì)成正比,跟內(nèi)外電路的電阻之和成反比

    C.  當(dāng)外電路短路時(shí),電路中的電流趨近于無(wú)窮大

    D.  當(dāng)外電阻增大時(shí),路端電壓將增大

                                                                                                                                     

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如圖為兩個(gè)不同閉合電路中兩個(gè)不同電源的U﹣I圖象,O為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),下列判斷正確的是(  )                          

                                                                                                    

    A.  電動(dòng)勢(shì)E1=E2,內(nèi)阻r1>r2

    B.  電動(dòng)勢(shì)E1>E2,內(nèi)阻 r1<r2

    C.  電動(dòng)勢(shì)E1<E2,內(nèi)阻 r1<r2

    D.  電動(dòng)勢(shì)E1=E2,發(fā)生短路時(shí)的電流I1>I2

                                                                                                                                     

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用伏安法測(cè)電阻時(shí),電流表有兩種接法,如圖甲、乙所示,則下列說(shuō)法正確的是( )

①用甲圖測(cè)量時(shí),誤差主要是由于電流表的分壓作用造成的

②用乙圖測(cè)量時(shí),誤差主要是由于電流表的分壓作用造成的

③若待測(cè)電阻的阻值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于電流表的阻值,采用圖甲測(cè)量的誤差較小

④若待測(cè)電阻的阻值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于電壓表的阻值,采用圖甲測(cè)量的誤差較小.

  A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ①④ D. ②③

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