Whether the eyes are “the windows of the soul” is debatable；that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact．During the first two months of a baby’s life，the stimulus (刺激物) that produces a smile is a pair of eyes．The eyes need not be real：a mask with two dots will produce a smile．Significantly，a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile，nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile (側面)．This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures．In one study，when American four―year―olds were asked to draw people，75 percent of them drew people with mouths，but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan．however，where babies are carried on their mother’s back，they do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures．As a result，Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode (把…編碼) or decode (理解) meaning．In fact，Argyle reveals that the “proper place to focus one’s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one’s conversation partner．”

The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined：speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second，then dance away as they talk；in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive，then shift their gaze away once more．Listeners，meanwhile，keep their eyes on the face of the speaker，allowing themselves to glance away only briefly．It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye contact：if they are not looking，the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will stop the conversation．Just how critical this eye contacting is to the maintenance (維持) of conversational flow becomes clear when two speakers are wearing dark glasses：there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption，false starts，and unpredictable pauses．

 

68．The author is convinced that the eyes are______.

A．of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideas

B．something through which one can see a person’s inner world

C．of considerable significance in making conversations interesting

D．something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate

69．Babies will NOT be stimulated to smile by a person________.

A．whose front view is fully perceived(感知)

B．whose face is covered with a mask

C．whose face is seen from the side

D．whose face is free of any covering

70．According to the passage，the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation partner’s neck because ________.

A．they don’t like to keep their eyes on the face of the speaker

B．they need not communicate through eye contact

C．they don’t think it polite to have eye contact with him or her

D．they didn’t have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact in babyhood

71．According to the passage，a conversation between two Americans may break down due to ________.

A．one temporarily glancing away from the other

B．eye contact of more than one second

C．improperly-timed pause of eye contact

D．constant adjustment of eye contact

 

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閱讀理解

　　A Nobel Prize is considered by most people one of the highest international honours a person can receive．As you know, the prizes were started by a Swede called Alfred Nobel．Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, and lived from 1833 to 1896．

　　Alfred Nobel was a chemist and inventor．He made two important inventions, and so he became very rich．Although he was rich, Nobel was not a happy man．He never married or had children．Also, he was a sick man in a large part of his life．Nobel died at the age of sixty-three．When he died, he left a fund of ＄9, 000, 000．The money was to be used in giving prizes to those who made outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and the promotion of world peace．

　　The first Nobel Prizes were given on December 10 th, 1901, five years after Nobel's death．Many famous people from all over the world have been given Nobel Prizes for their achievements．Albert Einstein was one of them．

　　Each Prize has three parts．The first part is a gold medal．Second, a winner of a Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he has been given the Prize．The third part of the Prize is a large amount of money－about ＄40, 000．

　　Often a Prize is given to just one person, but not always．Sometimes a Prize is shared．It may be given to two or three people who have worked together．Sometimes a Prize is not given at all if there is no outstanding achievement．In 1972, for example, no Nobel Peace Prize was given．It is the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm that decides whether to give the Prize or not．

(1)

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[　　]

A．

the highest honour in the world

B．

one of the highest international honours

C．

a higher honour than others

D．

as high as any other honour

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A Nobel Prize is made up of ________．

[　　]

A．

a gold medal and a large amount of money

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a gold medal and a diploma

C．

a gold medal and a diploma and a large amount of money

D．

a diploma and a large amount of money

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A Nobel Prize is given to ________ each year．

[　　]

A．

just one person

B．

one person

C．

not always one person

D．

three persons

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[　　]

A．

to his wife and his children

B．

to the university he used to study in

C．

to his parents and his students

D．

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       B．buying Danimals may win a free tour

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       B．character-themed wall paint is expensive

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