Question

When I was a law professor, a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points. He was 1, and after thanking him for his honesty, I changed the grade in my 2. His beaming (歡笑的) face turned to shock. “You’re 3 my grade?” he said angrily. “I would never have come in 4 ……”
He didn’t finish the 5, but it was obvious that his display of honesty was 6. He thought he’d have it all—praise and the higher grade.
Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade 7 because all I’d accomplished was to discourage him from being 8 in the future. And every time I tell this story some people agree with this 9.
But I can’t see how I could give good reason for worsening my 10 in grading by undermining (損害) the honesty of all my grades by failing to 11 an error. The grade itself would be a dishonest 12 of his knowledge and it would have been 13to other students. How could I 14 give a student a gift of an unearned grade?
I know 15 reporting an error in one’s favor is unusual, but, like 16 too much change, it’s clearly the right thing to do. People of character, those with real honesty, hate to give up17as much as anyone else. The difference is that for them a good conscience and reputation is 18enough to give reason for the cost of doing the right thing.
Perhaps lowering the student’s grade did 19 him from being honest in the future, but bribing (賄賂) him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it’s cost-free would have 20
him even more. The duty to be honest is about right and wrong, not risks and rewards.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      wise
   2. B.
      right
   3. C.
      grateful
   4. D.
      upset
2. 2.
   1. A.
      files
   2. B.
      books
   3. C.
      records
   4. D.
      notes
3. 3.
   1. A.
      lowering
   2. B.
      correcting
   3. C.
      changing
   4. D.
      making
4. 4.
   1. A.
      though
   2. B.
      why
   3. C.
      where
   4. D.
      if
5. 5.
   1. A.
      sentence
   2. B.
      work
   3. C.
      exam
   4. D.
      lesson
6. 6.
   1. A.
      good
   2. B.
      false
   3. C.
      special
   4. D.
      impressive
7. 7.
   1. A.
      remove
   2. B.
      change
   3. C.
      stand
   4. D.
      add
8. 8.
   1. A.
      brave
   2. B.
      adventurous
   3. C.
      successful
   4. D.
      honest
9. 9.
   1. A.
      remark
   2. B.
      complaint
   3. C.
      praise
   4. D.
      achievement
10. 10.
    1. A.
       crime
    2. B.
       mistake
    3. C.
       doubt
    4. D.
       guilty
11. 11.
    1. A.
       make
    2. B.
       find
    3. C.
       correct
    4. D.
       avoid
12. 12.
    1. A.
       reaction
    2. B.
       sense
    3. C.
       sign
    4. D.
       reflection
13. 13.
    1. A.
       unfair
    2. B.
       cruel
    3. C.
       tough
    4. D.
       funny
14. 14.
    1. A.
       reluctantly
    2. B.
       responsibly
    3. C.
       impossibly
    4. D.
       impatiently
15. 15.
    1. A.
       actively
    2. B.
       secretly
    3. C.
       voluntarily
    4. D.
       curiously
16. 16.
    1. A.
       receiving
    2. B.
       paying
    3. C.
       earning
    4. D.
       returning
17. 17.
    1. A.
       benefits
    2. B.
       honors
    3. C.
       awards
    4. D.
       gifts
18. 18.
    1. A.
       pleasure
    2. B.
       reward
    3. C.
       content
    4. D.
       honor
19. 19.
    1. A.
       protect
    2. B.
       influence
    3. C.
       discourage
    4. D.
       separate
20. 20.
    1. A.
       improved
    2. B.
       encouraged
    3. C.
       blamed
    4. D.
       ruined

Answer 1

BCADA BCDAB CDABC DABCD
1.B 通過上文說“I made an error in grading”和下文”I changed the grade”可知這個(gè)學(xué)生說對了。所以選擇 right
2.C 學(xué)生說批改錯(cuò)誤，故“我”在記錄本上改正分?jǐn)?shù)
3.A 通過下文“He thought he’d have it all—praise and the higher grade.”可知學(xué)生本以為老師會(huì)幫他加分，還有后句“His beaming (歡笑的) face turned to shock”可知老師不但沒有加分而且還減了分。故選擇 lower
4.D 該句為省略句，意為“如果知道是減分的話我就不回來了”
5.A 從上文可知，學(xué)生沒有把話說完。
6.B 從下文He thought he’d have it all—praise and the higher grade.可知，學(xué)生的誠實(shí)都是虛假偽裝的，只不過希望老師多給點(diǎn)分?jǐn)?shù)。
7.C 當(dāng)我與同事說起時(shí)，同事希望維持較高的分?jǐn)?shù)不變，此處stand表保持有效的意思
8.D 根據(jù)意思，同事希望“我”維持高分，這樣才能使學(xué)生以后能誠實(shí)
9.A 每次和別人談起，總有些人同意這樣的觀點(diǎn) remarks表示觀點(diǎn)
10.B意為“我找不出理由來加劇我在評分上的錯(cuò)誤”
11.C因?yàn)閷W(xué)生指出我未能批改出他作業(yè)中的錯(cuò)誤，所以這里用“fail to correct”表未能改正
12.D 作者認(rèn)為如果給那名學(xué)生高分，就是對他所掌握的知識(shí)的不誠實(shí)的體現(xiàn)，所以選擇 reflection
13.A 給了這個(gè)學(xué)生高分，就是對其他學(xué)生的不公平
14.B 我的內(nèi)心無法做到這一點(diǎn)，因此我無法負(fù)責(zé)任地給學(xué)生這么一個(gè)不是自己辛苦學(xué)習(xí)所得到的分?jǐn)?shù)
15.C 學(xué)生自愿來說明批改上的錯(cuò)誤，所以選 voluntarily
16.D 改正錯(cuò)誤，回歸改變，所以選return
17.A 根據(jù)下句，The difference is that for。。。可知上文指真正誠實(shí)的人也和大多數(shù)人一樣，也就是說不愿意放棄好處
18.B 只不過對他們來說，他們需要的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)種公德心和名聲
19.C 根據(jù)第三段I’d accomplished was to discourage him from being可知此題為原詞重現(xiàn)，故選擇 discourage
20.D 如果給他好處讓他誠實(shí)會(huì)毀了他。