Question

【題目】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
C
No one knows for sure when advertising first started. It is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. That led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job.
Let's take a man we'll call Mr. Fielder, for example. He did everything connected with farming. He planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. At the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. However, he didn't make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows (犁), or any of other hundreds of things a farm needs. Instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things.
Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr. Plowright. Using what he knew about farming and working with iron, Mr. Plowright invented a plow that made farming easier. Mr. Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows. Perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.
How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.
Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. Even before most people could read, they understood such signs. Shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.
A medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. You might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, or sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. Originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell, were used to get people's attention.
A crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. It is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. Perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. His job was, in other words, not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world.
（1）What probably led to the start of advertisement?
A.The discovery of iron.
B.The specialization of labor.
C.The appearance of new jobs.
D.The development of farming techniques.
（2）The writer makes up the two stories of Mr. Fielder and Mr. Plowright in order to __________.
A.explain the origin of advertising
B.predict the future of advertising
C.expose problems in advertising
D.provide suggestions for advertising
（3）The last two paragraphs are mainly about __________.
A.the history of advertising
B.the benefits of advertising
C.the early forms of advertising
D.the basic design of advertising

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】文章主要講的是廣告的起源。沒(méi)有人確切地知道廣告是什么時(shí)候開始出現(xiàn)的。廣告可能起源于工作分工的出現(xiàn)。許多歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為最早的戶外廣告出現(xiàn)在五千年之前。以前的廣告形式主要是標(biāo)志牌和聲音等。
（1）B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后“That led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job.”可知，廣告是伴隨這行業(yè)分工的出現(xiàn)而產(chǎn)生的，故選B。
（2）A推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Let's take a man we'll call Mr. Fielder, for example. He did everything connected with farming. He planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops.……Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr. Plowright.”可知，Mr. Fielder喜歡種莊稼，而Mr. Plowright喜歡發(fā)明種田的工具，于是就出現(xiàn)了工作上的分工，根據(jù)第一段最后“which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job. ”可知作者是舉例說(shuō)明廣告的起源，故選A。
（3）C 段落大意題。根據(jù)“the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. The second medium was audio, or sound, ……A crier, …… It is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. In ancient Egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. Often this earliest form of advertising”可知，最后兩段講的是以前的廣告形式，故選C。