Question

【題目】When you see someone you know, the easiest way to recognize them is by their face—but not everyone can do this. Many people have prosopagnosia, or face blindness, which is a neurological（神經(jīng)病學(xué)的）condition where the part o the brain that recognizes faces fails to develop. It can stop people recognizing partners, family members, friends or even their own reflection. It was once though to be caused by brain injury (acquired prosopagnosia) but now a genetic link has been proved (development prosopagnosia).

Acquired prosopagnosia is a very rare but as many as one in 50 people may have developmental prosopagnosia. There’s no specific treatment, but training programmes are being developed to help improve facial recognition.

For many, the situation can be dangerous. I’ve heard stories of people being robbed by strangers claiming to be family members, or of children wandering off strange men.

It was only is this century that researchers began to realize exactly how many people in this world were quietly living with the condition.

Like a blind person who can recognize family members by their footsteps, prosopagnosics are forced to develop unusual ways of discovering who it is they’re meeting or talking to. From the obvious markers like hair and voice, to the way one sits, stands or walks, they rely on dozens of means to get through ordinary life.

Faces are an important part of identity. Not to be recognized feels terrible—it’s as if you’ve been overlooked, like someone’s saying you don’t matter. But it’s nothing to the pain of knowing that you’re hurting people’s feelings constantly, and yet being completely unaware that you’re doing it in the moment. To be alienated（隔離的）from the world of faces is a strange position to be in, but I’m comforted by the thought that articles like this will do a little to help people forgive me and others like me.

【1】Why do some people have developmental prosopagnosia?

A. Mainly due to brain injury.

B. Mainly due to their life styles.

C. Mainly for biological reasons.

D. Mainly for psychological reasons.

【2】What can we learn about prosopagnosia?

A. We can do nothing to deal with it.

B. One fifth of people suffer from it.

C. It can be cured by training programmes.

D. Developmental prosopagnosia is more common.

【3】Like a blind person, people with prosopagnosia ________.

A. depend on their families for a normal life.

B. are embarrassed about their condition.

C. are usually laughed at by other people.

D. have special ways to recognize people

【4】What can we infer about people with prosopagnosia from the last paragraph?

A. They are unfriendly to others.

B. They feel hurting others doesn’t matter.

C. They often make others feel ignored.

D. They avoid communicating with others.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】這是一篇議論文。本文主要講述了人面失認(rèn)癥。也就是臉盲癥的定義，緣由及產(chǎn)生的影響，以及針對(duì)臉盲癥的方法。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中第一段的最后一句 It was once though to be caused by brain injury (acquired prosopagnosia) but now a genetic link has been proved (development prosopagnosia).可知，development prosopagnosia是跟基因有關(guān)的，所以是生物學(xué)的原因。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中第二段第一句Acquired prosopagnosia is a very rare but as many as one in 50 people may have developmental prosopagnosia.可知，五十個(gè)人中就有一個(gè)人患有發(fā)展性人面失認(rèn)癥，所以說(shuō)是很普遍的。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中倒數(shù)第二段的Like a blind person who can recognize family members by their footsteps, prosopagnosics are forced to develop unusual ways of discovering who it is they’re meeting or talking to.可知，和盲人一樣,人面失認(rèn)癥的人也需要特別的方法來(lái)認(rèn)人。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一段的But it’s nothing to the pain of knowing that you’re hurting people’s feelings constantly, and yet being completely unaware that you’re doing it in the moment. 可知，患有人面失認(rèn)癥的人通常因?yàn)檎J(rèn)不出別人而讓他人感到他們被忽視。故C選項(xiàng)正確。