How can we measure animals’ emotions? A new study of animal’s emotions suggests that, as in humans, emotions can tell animals about how dangerous their world is, and guide the choices that they make. The article of the study by Bristol University’s professor Mike Mendl was published online.
An animal living in an environment where it is often threatened by predators(捕食者)will develop a negative emotion or “mood”, such as anxiety. However, one in an environment with plenty of opportunities to get resources for survival will be in a more positive mood state.
The researchers say that these emotional states not only show the animal’s experiences, but also help it decide how to make choices, especially in unclear situations. This could have good or bad results. An animal in a negative mood state will make a safety-first with a “pessimistic” response to an unclear event. For example, it considers a noise in the grass as a signal of the predator. At the same time, an animal in a positive mood state will benefit from a more “optimistic” response. It considers the noise as a signal of prey(獵物).
Professor Mike Mendl, head of the Animal Welfare and Behavior Research Group at Bristol University’s School of Clinical Veterinary Science said, “ We can use “optimistic” or “pessimistic”decision-making as a symbol of an animal’s emotional state. Recent studies by our group and others suggest that this is a meritorious new approach to studying a variety of animal species.”
“Public interest in animal welfare remains high, with widespread concern about the way in which animals are treated, used and included in society. To understand how animals should be treated, we need to better understand their emotional lives,” Mike Mendl said. The researchers believe Mike Mendl’s study can help them to better understand and assess an animal’s emotions.
1.When an animal is in a negative mood state, _______.
A. its response to an unclear event is pessimistic
B. it will pay little attention to an unclear event
C. it is easy for it to make right decisions
D. it has more opportunities to get food
2.The underlined word “meritorious” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “_______”.
A. valuable?????????? B. useless???????? C. fashionable??????? D. hopeless
3.We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. the animals with positive emotions live longer
B. there is no way to assess an animal’s emotions
C. few people care about animal welfare nowadays
D. the environment can influence animal’s emotions
4.Mike Mendl advised people to better understand animal’s emotions in order to _____.
A. tell people to build more protected areas for animals
B. explain animals should be regarded as people’s friends
C. raise people’s interest in studying animals
D. make people know how to treat animals properly
5.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Different kinds of Animals’ Emotions
B. Emotions Helps Animals to Make Choice
C. The Living Environment of Wild Animals
D. The Best Way to Measure Animals’ Emotions
1.A
2.A
3.D
4.D
5.B
【解析】
試題分析:文章大意:本文講述動(dòng)物情感的一份新的研究表明,情感能夠告訴動(dòng)物所處的危險(xiǎn)并幫助動(dòng)物作出選擇。
1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段An animal in a negative mood state will make a safety-first with a “pessimistic” response to an unclear event.可知答案。故A正確。
2.A詞義推測(cè)題。由其前句We can use “optimistic” or “pessimistic” decision-making as a symbol of an animal’s emotional state可知我們可以利用動(dòng)物“樂(lè)觀的”和“悲觀的”決定來(lái)判定它們所處的情感狀態(tài),再結(jié)合其詞后new approach to studying a variety of animal species.可知,畫(huà)線詞的意思是“有價(jià)值的”。故A正確。
3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知,處于經(jīng)常被捕食者威脅的環(huán)境下的動(dòng)物會(huì)產(chǎn)生消極情緒,而處于有更多生存機(jī)會(huì)環(huán)境下的動(dòng)物會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極情緒,由此可以推知,環(huán)境可以影響動(dòng)物的情緒。故D正確。
4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段To understand how animals should be treated, we need to better understand their emotional lives可以得出答案。故D正確。
5.B主旨大意題。由文章內(nèi)容特別是第一段中文章的主題句A new study of animal’s emotions suggests that, as in humans, emotions can tell animals about how dangerous their world is, and guide the choices that they make.可知,本文講的是情感可以幫助動(dòng)物作選擇。故B正確。
考點(diǎn):考查科普類(lèi)閱讀
年級(jí) | 高中課程 | 年級(jí) | 初中課程 |
高一 | 高一免費(fèi)課程推薦! | 初一 | 初一免費(fèi)課程推薦! |
高二 | 高二免費(fèi)課程推薦! | 初二 | 初二免費(fèi)課程推薦! |
高三 | 高三免費(fèi)課程推薦! | 初三 | 初三免費(fèi)課程推薦! |
科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2013屆甘肅省張掖二中高三11月月考英語(yǔ)試卷(帶解析) 題型:填空題
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)
Health is the most important thing in the world. Nothing is more important than health. If we take away our money, houses, cars or even our clothes, we can still survive. 【小題1】 That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.
How can we keep healthy?In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk foods. 【小題2】 I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins.
【小題3】 Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.
What’s more, I think friends are an important part of one’s health. 【小題4】 I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. It is good to stay with my friends.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. 【小題5】
A.On the other hand, doing exercise is very important. |
B.There are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy. |
C.Many studies show that people with a range of social contacts don’t get sick. |
D.But if our health was taken away, it is certain that we would surely die. |
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2015屆福建省高一第二次月考英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:單詞拼寫(xiě)
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)以下提示:1)漢語(yǔ)提示;2)首字母提示;3)語(yǔ)境提示,在每個(gè)空內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞,并將該詞完整地寫(xiě)在右邊相對(duì)應(yīng)的橫線上。所填單詞意義準(zhǔn)確,拼寫(xiě)正確。
As we all know, "Failure is the mother of success."
I just want to say “Success is the baby of confidence." 1.
First of all, confidence makes us happier in our life. Life is 2.
a bright and colorful (油畫(huà)). If confidence is with us, we will 3.
find life really becomes richer and more interesting. Then, 4.
confidence makes us braver. If we (缺乏)confidence in 5.
ourselves, how can we overcome (困難)we meet with? 6.
If we have no confidence in , how can we succeed in 7.
d ourselves in the future? Without confidence, nothing can 8.
be g . That is to say, if you want to win, you have to believe 9.
in yourself. F , I would like to use the following words as 10.
our encouragement: “If you think you can, you can."
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2011-2012學(xué)年陜西咸陽(yáng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期第三次月考英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:信息匹配
根據(jù)會(huì)話情景和內(nèi)容,從對(duì)話所給定選項(xiàng)中選出能填入每一空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)
----What is on at the Capital Theatre tonight?
---- 6 Let’s look at the evening newspaper on page 14.
----Oh, I’ve got it. Tonight is Sister Carrie, and tomorrow is Tea House. Which play do you like best?
---- 7 How about you ?
---- 8 , so I like to see the new play Sister Carrie. By the way, when does it start?
---- At 8:00 p.m.
---- Good, we have two hours then. How can we get there?
---- 9
----It will take us one and a half hours, 10 How about by taxi?
----I’m afraid there might be a heavy traffic jam.
A.I’ve seen Teahouse many times. |
B.We can take the bus. |
C.I like both of them. |
D.So we won’t have much time to buy tickets. |
E. I know it very well.
F. I’m not sure.
G. I like neither of them.
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2012-2013學(xué)年廣東省汕頭市高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:完型填空
When we read books we seem to enter a new world. This new world can be similar to the one we are living in, or it can be very 1 . Some stories are told 2 they were true. Real people who live in a normal world do real things; in other words, the stories are about people just like us doing what we do. Other stories, such as the Harry Potter books, are not 3 . They are characters and creatures that are very different from us and do things that would be 4 for us.
But there is more to books and writing than this. If we think about it, even realistic writing is only 5 . How can we tell the difference between what is real and what is not real? For example, when we read about Harry Potter, we do seem to learn something about the real world. And when Harry studies magic at Hogwarts, he also learns more about his real life than 6 . Reading, like writing, is an action. It is a way of 7 . When we read or write something, we do much more than simply look at words on a page. We use our 8 --- which is real --- and our imagination ---which is real in a different way --- to make the words 9 in our minds.
Both realism and fantasy use the imagination and the “magic” of reading and writing to make us think. When we read 10 realistic, we have to imagine that the people we are reading about are just like us, even though we know that we are real and they are not. It sounds 11 , but it works. When we read, we fill in missing information and 12 about the causes and effects of what a character does. We help the writer by pretending that what we read is like real life. In a way, we are writing the book, too.
Most of us probably don’t think about what is going on in our 13 when we are reading. We 14 a book and lose ourselves in a good story, eager to find out what will happen next. Knowing how we feel 15 we read can help us become better readers, and it will help us discover more about the real magic of books.
1. |
|
2. |
|
3. |
|
4. |
|
5. |
|
6. |
|
7. |
|
8. |
|
9. |
|
10. |
|
11. |
|
12. |
|
13. |
|
14. |
|
15. |
|
查看答案和解析>>
科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2010-2011學(xué)年浙江省高三第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)卷 題型:閱讀理解
Thanks to the Web, We’re Alone Together and Loving it
There's a professor, Barry Wellman, at the University of Toronto in Canada who has come up with a term to describe the way a lot of us North Americans interact these days. And now a big research study confirms it.
Barry Wellman's term is "networked individualism." It's not the easiest concept to grasp. In fact, the words seem to contradict each other. How can we be individualistic and networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.
Here's what he means. Until the Internet and e-mail came along, our social networks involved flesh-and-blood relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.
But the latest study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project confirms that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced a great deal of social interchange. A lot of folks Pew talked with say that's a good thing, because of concerns that the Internet was turning us into hermits who shut out other people in favor of a make-believe world on flickering computer screens.
To the contrary, the Pew study discovered the Internet has put us in touch with more real people than we'd have ever imagined. Helpful people, too. We're turning to an ever-growing list of cyber friends for advice on careers, medical crises, child-rearing, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told the Pew that the Internet plays an important or crucial role in helping them deal with major life decisions.
So we networked individuals are pretty tricky: We're keeping more to ourselves, while at the same time reaching out to more people, all with just the click of a computer mouse!
1.The Pew study was conducted in _____.
A.The United States |
B.Canada |
C.The U.S. and Canada |
D.Europe |
2.Which of the following has happened since the invention of the Internet and email?
A.People are talking on the phone more than ever. |
B.Interaction through the computer has replaced a lot of person to person interaction. |
C.Americans are turning into hermits. |
D.Sixty million Americans have bought computers. |
3.Which of the following was NOT one of the discoveries of the Pew study?
A.The Internet has put us in touch with more people than expected. |
B.People use the Internet to get advice on careers, medical problems, and other questions. |
C.For many Americans, the Internet plays an important role in helping them make important decisions. |
D.“Internet addiction” is a growing problem among people who use computers. |
4.What does the bolded words “reach out” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Connect with. |
B.Play a trick. |
C.Make a decision. |
D.Stay alone. |
查看答案和解析>>
百度致信 - 練習(xí)冊(cè)列表 - 試題列表
湖北省互聯(lián)網(wǎng)違法和不良信息舉報(bào)平臺(tái) | 網(wǎng)上有害信息舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū) | 電信詐騙舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū) | 涉歷史虛無(wú)主義有害信息舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū) | 涉企侵權(quán)舉報(bào)專(zhuān)區(qū)
違法和不良信息舉報(bào)電話:027-86699610 舉報(bào)郵箱:58377363@163.com