D
To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains．But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain．Its first use was as a shade against the sun．
Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times．Probably the Chinese were the earliest to use it in the eleventh century BC．We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade．And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority．In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices．
In Europe, the Greeks were the earliest to use the umbrella as a sunshade．And the umbrella was allowed in common use in ancient Greece．But it is believed that the earliest persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans．
During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared．Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century．And again, it was considered a symbol of power and authority．In around 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England．
By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe．Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become  much lighter in weight．It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors．
小題1:The first use of umbrella was as ______________．
A．protection against rainB．shade against the sun
C．a(chǎn) symbol of power and authorityD．a(chǎn) symbol of honor and authority
小題2:In Europe, the umbrella was first used against rain ___________．
A．in GreeceB．in RomeC．in EnglandD．in France
小題3:From the text, we can infer that _________．
A．the umbrella changed much in style in the eighteenth century．
B．no one knows why the umbrella was used in very ancient times．
C．once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas．
D．during the Middle Ages the umbrella was common in Europe．
小題4:This passage talks mainly about ____________．
A．when and how the umbrella was invented．
B．why the umbrella was so popular in Europe．
C．the development of the umbrella．
D．the history and use of the umbrella．

小題1:B
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:D

試題分析：本文敘述了人們常用的傘的歷史及它的用途。傘最初是用來遮陽的并不是用來擋雨的，在歐洲希臘人用傘來遮陽，后來古羅馬人開始用傘來擋雨。到了十八世紀(jì)整個歐洲都用傘來擋雨，到了二十世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)了女士的傘被制成了多種顏色。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Its first use was as a shade against the sun．最初的傘是用來遮陽的，故選B。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)But it is believed that the earliest persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans．古羅馬人用傘來擋雨，故選B。
小題3:推理判斷題。根據(jù)In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices．可推知普通老百姓不能用傘，故選C。
小題4:主旨大意題。根據(jù)綜觀全文講的是傘的歷史及用途，故選D。
點(diǎn)評：所謂主旨大意題，就是指那些針對文章的主要內(nèi)容、主題、標(biāo)題或?qū)懽髂康乃O(shè)置的問題。這類題主要考查同學(xué)們在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維方法對文章進(jìn)行高度概括或總結(jié)的能力。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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