Question

Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
小題1:What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?

A．Love.

B．Politeness.

C．Joy.

D．Thankfulness.

小題2:The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .

A．show friendliness to strangers

B．be used to hide true feelings

C．be used in the wrong places

D．show personal habits

小題3:What should we do before attempting to “read” people?

A．Learn about their relations with others.

B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.

C．Find out about their past experience.

D．Figure out what they will do next.

小題4:What would be the best title for the test?

A．Cultural Differences	B．Smiles and Relationship
C．Facial Expressiveness	D．Habits and Emotions

Answer 1

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:B
小題4:C

【文章大意】
本文是一篇議論文。文章闡述了面部表情取決于情景和人們之間的關(guān)系。文章通篇闡述了面部表情的種種表現(xiàn)形式，以及文化之間的差異導(dǎo)致的面部表情的含義不同。
小題1:根據(jù)文章第一段中的“in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure”可知，在美國文化中，一般地說，微笑是快樂的表情。此處joy是pleasure的同義詞。故選C。
【考點定位】考查細節(jié)理解。
小題2:根據(jù)文章第一段中的“It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.”可知這是一個中心句，其后用例證法闡述：微笑能隱藏真正的感情。它常常導(dǎo)致跨文化間的困惑。其中越南人講故事的例子就是為了說明這一觀點。故選B。
【考點定位】考查作者的寫作意圖。
小題3:根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.”可知，我們在“讀”人們的表情的時候，要先理解他們的文化背景，否則，就會出錯。
【考點定位】考查判斷推理。
小題4:文章通篇闡述了面部表情的種種表現(xiàn)形式，以及文化之間的差異導(dǎo)致的面部表情的含義不同。所以C正確。
【考點定位】考查文章的標(biāo)題。