Question

【題目】 Lead has proved to be a useful metal. 【1】 It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.

【2】 In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death. More often its effects are slow but harmful. Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed. 【3】

The dangers of lead have long been known. American banned it from paint 40 years ago, and by the late 1990s leaded petrol had been stopped gradually in almost all rich countries. But the effects continue to exist. 【4】 The situation is more alarming in the poor world, where the use of lead-based paints is spreading. As people in Asia and Africa become richer, they start to decorate their homes, but the paint they use, even from pots labeled "lead-free" often contains it.

It is neither difficult nor expensive to stop using lead. 【5】 And industrial use is no exception, because the contamination （污染物）spreads and industrial paint inevitably finds its way into the consumer market. Yet only four sub-Saharan African countries have formally placed bans and local factories are often unaware of the harm that lead causes.

A. Yet lead is also a poison.

B. It turns up everywhere.

C. All countries should ban lead in paint.

D. Half a million American children are diagnosed with lead poisoning.

E. There is no excuse for poor countries to repeat the mistake of rich ones.

F. Taking some simple precautions can help protect you and your family from lead exposure.

G. But only years after exposure are the results apparent in lower IQ and learning disabilities.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】G

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了鉛的應(yīng)用及危害。

【1】根據(jù)空后的“It goes into car batteries and also helps make bright pigments, used to paint walls, metal work and toys.”可知，它可用于汽車電池，也可用于制造明亮的顏料，用于粉刷墻壁、金屬制品和玩具，故B項（它的應(yīng)用很廣泛）符合語境。

【2】根據(jù)空后的“In the worst cases it causes comas（昏迷）and death.”可知，在最嚴(yán)重的情況是它可以導(dǎo)致昏迷和死亡，故A項（然而，鉛也有毒）符合語境。

【3】根據(jù)空前的“Research shows that lead is a threat to little babies, who are most likely to take in dust and paint chips that contain lead. Their brains can be easily harmed.”可知，研究表明，鉛對嬰兒是一種威脅，他們最有可能吸入含有鉛的灰塵和涂料碎片，這讓他們的大腦很容易受到傷害，故G項（但僅僅幾年之后，這一結(jié)果就在智商和學(xué)習(xí)障礙方面顯現(xiàn)出來）符合語境。

【4】根據(jù)空前的“But the effects continue to exist.”可知，鉛的影響仍然存在，此處舉例說明它的影響，故D項（50萬美國兒童被診斷出鉛中毒）符合語境。

【5】根據(jù)空后的“And industrial use is no exception”可知，應(yīng)全面禁止鉛的使用，工業(yè)用途也不例外，故C項（所有國家都應(yīng)該禁止涂料中含鉛）符合語境。