16.The immune system is the body's defender.It identifies,tracks own,and destroys troublemakers before they can hurt the body.Those troublemakers may be,for example,bacteria from a cut or splinter,a measles(麻疹) germ,a cold bug,or even a cancer cell.?
These invaders try to take over our tissues and feed off our bodies'nutrients.If they succeed,we become sick or,sometimes,even die.It's the job of our immune systems to destroy these invaders before they destroy us.?
Say you picked up a flu virus last week.Perhaps it entered your body through a cut,from a drinking glass,or from the air you breathe.Of course,you didn't feel it,but the virus made its way into your bloodstream.As soon as it entered your body,it began to reproduce.Viruses have only one goal:to take over your cells.Once inside your body,viruses try to enter cells and disrupt their normal wor k.If left alone,these viruses would hurt so many cells that you would weaken,or worse,get a serious illness.?
But this flu virus should not be so complacent as it seems to be.As it repoduces in your bloodstream,the virus is met by a certain kind of white blood cell,the lymphocytes.The lymphocytes are the foot soldiers that keep you alive.?
The number of lymphocytes in your body is hard to imagine.Thousands of them could fit in the period at the end of this sentence.Your body holds about a trillion-that's 1,000,000,000,000 of them,or about 3,000 in every drop of blood.Since you began reading this sentence,over 800,000 of them have been created and destroyed.?
Some of these lymphocytes pass through a small walnut?sized organ called the thymus.The thymus is the base of the neck.Here,special hormones(荷爾蒙)turn lymphocytes into fighting cells,called T ells.?
T cells have one terrific talent:They can tell the difference between friend and foe;what should be in our bodies and what shouldn't.They do not affect the body's healthy cells.Yet they attack everything that is foreign to our bodies,such as germs,transplants,and even our own cells which have become abnormal,as in the case of cancer.
28.What is the function of our immune system?C
A.To take over our tissues an feed off our bodies'nutrients.
B.To prevent bacteria or germs from entering the body.
C.To destroy the troublemakers in order that they might not hurt the body.
D.To fight against T cells.
29.Which of the following can NOT be detected by T cells?A
A.Thymus.
B.Transplants.
C.Cancer cells.
D.Healthy cells.
30.Which of the following questions best summaries the main idea of the whole passage?B
A.How does the immune system attack the flu virus?
B.How does the immune system function in our body?
C.How do the lymphocytes work in our body?
D.What is the so called immune system?
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了免疫系統(tǒng)是人體的衛(wèi)士,可以識別,跟蹤自己,破壞可以傷身體的搗亂者
解答 28.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段The immune system is the body's defender.It identifies,tracks own,and destroys troublemakers before they can hurt the body可知我們的免疫系統(tǒng)的功能是破壞搗者為了不傷身體;故選C.
29.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章Yet they attack everything that is foreign to our bodies,such as germs,transplants,and even our own cells which have become abnormal,as in the case of cancer可知T細(xì)胞會檢測移植細(xì)胞,癌細(xì)胞和健康細(xì)胞;故選A.
30.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章?lián)谝欢蜹he immune system is the body's defender.It identifies,tracks own,and destroys troublemakers before they can hurt the body可知文章主要講身體的免疫系統(tǒng)是如何工作的;故選B.
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.