Question

【題目】【改編】Can you believe everything that you read? It seems as if every day, some new articles come out about a new discovery about this or that. For example, water is bad for you, or good for you. The answer depends on which scientific study has just come out. People cannot decide which food items are healthy, how pyramids were constructed, and why dinosaurs disappeared. When we look for answers we sometimes can believe persuasive researches and scientists. But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes.

As far back as 1726, Johann Beringer was fooled by his fellow scientists into thinking he had made an amazing discovery. The fossils of spiders, lizards, and even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew were unlike anything that had been found before. He wrote several papers on them and was famous for those only to have it revealed that they were planted by jealous colleagues to ruin his reputation.

When an early human being was discovered in 1912, scientists at this time were wild with excitement over the meaning it had for the theory of evolution. There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the next fifty years until it was finally discovered to be a complex hoax. The skull (頭骨) of a man had been mixed with the jawbone of an orangutan (猩猩) to make the ape (猿) man.

The next time you read the exciting new findings of a study of the best scientist, do not automatically assume that it is true. Even qualified people can get it wrong. While we certainly should not ignore scientific research, we do need to take it with a grain of salt. Just because it is accepted as the truth today does not mean it will still be trustworthy tomorrow.

【1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Everything in the newspaper is doubtful.

B. People are encouraged to suspect everything.

C. Not everything you read is believable.

D. Sometimes scientists may make mistakes.

【2】What does the underlined word “ hoaxes” mean?

A. Truths. B. Tricks. C. Researches. D. Result.

【3】From the second paragraph we can know______.

A. Johann Beringer was envied by his colleagues.

B. Johann Beringer lived in the seventeenth century.

C. Johann Beringer found the Piltdown man.

D. Johann Beringer found he was fooled by others in time.

【4】According to the passage ,the discovery of Piltdown man______.

A. was significant to the theory of evolution.

B. proved orangutan developed from man.

C. didn’t prove false until 50 years later.

D. proved that scientists were very careless.

【5】From the last paragraph we can infer the author thinks_____.

A. scientists are unreliable.

B. everyone can make a mistake.

C. we should ignore scientific research.

D. we should treat scientific research reasonably.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】A

【4】C

【5】D

【解析】

試題分析: 每天報紙上都會出現(xiàn)一些關于科學新發(fā)現(xiàn)的文章，那么這些文章的可信度究竟是多少呢？在文中作者通過幾個例子向讀者說明：新發(fā)現(xiàn)有時候只是一種騙局，或者是一種假象，所以我們對待任何事情都要持有一種懷疑的態(tài)度。

【1】C主旨大意題。文章開頭提出問題Can you believe everything that you read?然后列舉生活中的例子，最后揭示中心話題But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes (騙局).由此推斷對于我們每天所讀到的東西不可能都是對的，選C。

【2】B詞義猜測題。上文提到不是所有的文章都是可信的，然后再下文舉例說明，由此判斷該詞意思是“騙局”，選B。

【3】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內容可知Johann Beringer受到同事的嫉妒而被愚弄，選A。

【4】 C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the next fifty years判斷選C。

【5】D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末段內容可知作者重申了主題，認為看待一些科學研究要適度，不要過于相信，故選D。