Think of the last time a song really moved you, or meant something to you．Listening to and playing music affects marry different sections of the brain, affecting us physically as well. Why are we as humans so connected to music?
Making music is something that we are born with. There's a reason we refer to music as the “universal language”；there has been no known human culture without music. Dancing and music came before agriculture, and possibly even before language．The fact that whale music and human music have so much in common suggests that music may exist before humans and that we may be latecomers to the musical scene rather than being the inventors of music．
We begin life being affected by music; babies first begin to respond to music even before their birth. Whether or not it's true, everyone has heard that playing classical music; for your baby supposedly helps him or her become smarter. A study done in the United Kingdom concluded that children were able to recognize and even preferred music that they had heard lip to three months before birth. Although it made no difference whether it was rock music or country music, the babies who were exposed to faster songs showed a stronger preference for that song than those who had heard something slower. Researchers have also found that the playing of soft background music or a mother's soft singing actually helps premature (早產(chǎn)的)babies. Those who were subjected to the music tended to gain weight faster and were able to leave hospitals earlier than those who weren't. However, the study in the UK uncovers no links between babies listening to music and increased intelligence or brain development.
Another experiment at the University of California at Irvine compared the puzzle-solving abilities of 3-year-olds who were given piano lessons with the ability of others who sang, used computers, or did nothing. The children studying piano were better at the puzzles. Also, high school students with a musical background seem to do better on their SATs. Whether it's natural intelligence that helps the children excel in both music and math, or the music that helps develop other areas, you can't deny the benefits of a musical background.    
On the other hand, it's possible that some music and lyrics（歌詞）could be hard for children and teenagers．The lyrics of today's popular music are stated more and more clearly. A study oil mass media and teenagers showed that a group of 14- to 16-year-olds in 10 different southeastern cities listened to music an average of 40 hours per week. Obviously, the music they are listening to plays a large part in their lives，and especially influences self-identity. So any bad influences in the music will have a very direct effect on the teenagers.     Several other experiments mentioned in the American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statement on the "Effect of Music Lyrics and Music Videos on Children and Youth" supported this idea. One study from Sweden found that children who developed a preference to rock music were more likely to be influenced by their peers than by their parents. Others showed links between a predilection for heavy metal and detrimental behaviors, including taking drugs, self-killing risk, and other risk-taking habits. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) doesn't support the idea of censorship（檢查制度）, but strongly encourages parents to monitor what their children are listening to.
小題1:Music is regarded as the “universal language” because ______.
A．music is important for human beings’ mental and physical health
B．music is played by people from all over the world
C．music is of great benefits to human language
D．music is present throughout the development of human culture
小題2:Which of the following proves a musical background benefits children a lot?
A．An experiment at the University of California.
B．A study done in the United kingdom.
C．A study on mass media and teenagers.
D．A study from Sweden.
小題3:According to Paragraph 3, what affects babies’ preference for songs?
A．The lyricsB．The tone C．The styleD．The speed
小題4:The author mentioned several other experiments in the AAP’s policy statement to prove________.
A．parents should monitor what their children are listening to
B．music can have harmful effects on teenagers
C．teenagers are more likely to be affected by their friends
D．children shouldn’t be exposed to too much music
小題5:What will the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A．More bad effects of music on teenagers’ daily habits.
B．Some experiments about music and teenagers.
C．Tips for parents on monitoring the music their children prefer.
D．Benefits of listening to a variety of music.

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:C

試題分析:如果認(rèn)為有一首歌真的打動(dòng)了你，或?qū)δ銇碚f有某些寓意，聽或者彈奏音樂會(huì)刺激大腦很多不同部位，同樣影響我們身體，為什么人類同音樂有著如此緊密的聯(lián)系呢？本文從音樂對(duì)幼兒及青少年的影響講述音樂與人類的關(guān)系。
小題1:D。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段music may exist before humans and that we may be latecomers to the musical scene rather than being the inventors of music。音樂可能在人類之前就已經(jīng)存在，并且我們對(duì)于音樂來說只是后來人而不是開創(chuàng)者�？芍魳坟灤┝巳祟惖陌l(fā)展史。故選D。
小題2:A。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段The children studying piano were better at the puzzles. Also, high school students with a musical background seem to do better on their SATs.那些上過鋼琴課跟那些唱歌，玩電腦，或沒接受任何教育的孩子相比要好些，那些有音樂背境的高年級(jí)學(xué)生做的要好些.可知這個(gè)研究證明音樂背景有好處。故選A。
小題3:D。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Although it made no difference whether it was rock music or country music, the babies who were exposed to faster songs showed a stronger preference for that song than those who had heard something slower. 雖然音樂的種類沒有不同，但比起慢節(jié)奏的音樂來快節(jié)奏的音樂更受嬰兒們青睞�？芍獘雰簩�(duì)音樂的節(jié)奏比較敏感。故選D。
小題4:B。目的意圖題。根據(jù)第四段The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) doesn't support the idea of censorship（檢查制度）, but strongly encourages parents to monitor what their children are listening to.來自于瑞士一家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)那些偏愛搖滾樂的孩子比起他們的父母親來更容易受到同伴的影響.其它研究顯示在偏愛電子搖滾樂和有害行為的聯(lián)系，包括吸毒,冒險(xiǎn)自殺，發(fā)生沖突及其它的一些冒險(xiǎn)行為，AAP組織不贊同這種審查結(jié)果，但還是鼓勵(lì)家長監(jiān)督他們的孩子聽的是什么內(nèi)容�？芍{(diào)查證明音樂內(nèi)容的不同，也可能對(duì)青少年產(chǎn)生壞的影響。故選B。
小題5:C。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)分析題。文章最后一段講音樂也有可能對(duì)青少年產(chǎn)生不良影響，AAP組織鼓勵(lì)家長監(jiān)督他們的孩子聽的是什么內(nèi)容。所以下文可能就會(huì)寫給出一些關(guān)于如何監(jiān)督孩子聽的音樂內(nèi)容的方法。故選C。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

     Caffeine not only gives us a daily jump start, but new research suggests it also can strengthen long-term memory.
According to the US Food and Drug Administration, nearly 90 percent of people worldwide consume about 200 milligrams of caffeine each day. That' s equivalent to about one strong cup of coffee a day. Writing in " Nature Neuroscience" , Johns Hopkins University researchers say their findings show that caffeine strengthens certain memories for up t0 24 hours after being taken in.
" We've always known that  caffeine has  cognitive-enhancing effects (促智效果) , but its ,particular effects on strengthening memories and making them resistant to forgetting has never been examined in detail in humans, "  said senior author of the paper Michael Yassa. " We re- port for the first time a specific effect of caffeine on reducing forgetting over 24 hours. "      Conducting a double-blind trial, the researchers worked with a test group of people who didn't regularly consume caffeinated products. Five minutes after studying a series of images, the  test subjects were given either a placebo(無效對(duì)照劑)  or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet.
To check the caffeine levels of their test subjects, the research team took saliva samples (唾液樣品)  from them before they took their tablets and again one, three and 24 hours after- wards.
Both groups of test participants ( those who took the placebo and those who took the caffeine tablet) were tested the following day to see if they could recognize the images they' d seen the previous day.
The test included showing the test subjects another series of images that included some new images , those that were shown the previous day, as well as other images that were similar, but not the same as those they had viewed earlier.
The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new images as " similar" to previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same.
"We also know that caffeine is associated with health and longevity(長壽) and may havesome protective  effects  from  cognitive  decline  like  Alzheimer' s  disease (阿爾茨海默癥). " said Yassa.
小題1:The purpose of the new research is
A．to survey how much caffeine people consume a day
B．to write the paper " Nature Neuroscience"
C．to prove caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects
D．to examine caffeine ' s memory-strengthening effects in detail
小題2: During the research ,the researchers did the following things EXCEPT
A．giving the test subjects placebos or caffeine tablets
B．checking the caffeine levels of the test subjects
C．encouraging the test subjects to drink more coffee
D．showing the test subjects series of images
小題3: How did the test subjects show the caffeine ' s memory-strengthening effects?
A．By recognizing images they ' d seen the previous day.
B．By taking the caffeine tablets instead of placebos.
C．By identifying the new images as the same.
D．By telling the differences between new images.
小題4: What will the next part of the text possibly talk about?
A．Ways to achieve health and longevity.
B．The effects caffeine has on health.
C．The treatment for Alzheimer' s disease.
D．The harmful effects of cognitive decline.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(2014·德州模擬)Some animals will defend their territory by fighting with those who try to invade it.Fighting，however，is not often the best choice，since it uses up a large amount of energy，and can result in injury or even death.Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.The songs of birds，the drumming of woodpeckers and the loud calls of monkeys are all warnings that carry for long distances，advertising to possible invaders that someone else’s territory is being approached.Many animals rely on smells to mark their territories or leaving droppings around the territories.Other animals will be warned off the territory without ever meeting with the territory’s defender.

Sometimes，these warnings may be ignored，and an invader may move accidentally into a neighboring territory，or two animals may meet near the border of their nearby territories.When the two animals meet，they will generally threaten each other with visual (視覺的) displays.These displays will often exaggerate an animal’s size by putting up feathers or fur，or will show off the animal’s weapons.The animals may go through all the behavior of fighting without ever actually touching each other.The displays are generally performed best near the center of an animal’s territory，where it is more likely to attack an invader and where retreating becomes more of a choice.
Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.Serious injury can result，and old or sick animals may die，leading to a more balanced population size.Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.The study of social behaviors such as territoriality in animals may also help us to understand human society.
小題1:What topic is the passage mainly involved in?
A．What animals’ territory is usually like.
B．How animals deal with different threats.
C．How animals defend their territory.
D．Where animal fights take place frequently.
小題2:For most animals，what’s their first response to the possible invaders to defend their    territory?
A．Fighting in groups.
B．Threatening and warning.
C．Escaping before being hurt.
D．Asking partners for help.
小題3:What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in the second paragraph mean?
A．enlargeB．change
C．shake　D．shrink
小題4:An actual fight will happen when________.
A．a(chǎn)nimals meet near the border of their territories
B．the invader enters the defender’s territories
C．the defender notices the invader smaller than itself
D．the living resources are limited in the territory
小題5:The last paragraph tells us that territoriality has an influence on the________of the animals.
A．communicationB．condition
C．population　D．migration

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Exam anxiety is something that almost every person experiences during his or her student life. Little anxiety actually helps one      and work hard for the exams. However, if students spend all their time in feeling     , a lot of valuable study time would be lost.
In this competitive world,      cause a lot of nervousness in students. For some, exam anxiety encourages them to work hard, while for others it may be the root cause for poor performance, leading to academic      and lack of confidence. In fact, some students are anxious by nature and easily get nervous when they face a(n)     situation. They will think      even if they have prepared well. They fear that they may        what they have studied, and when it is too much, their      is likely to come true.
One of the most important methods of      exam anxiety is to prepare well in advance. Studying regularly for a few hours every day helps increase the      of students. If students are not able to handle anxiety or nervousness, they could talk to their teachers, parents, friends or instructors.      should also avoid giving pressure to their kids to do well. Creating a peaceful and      atmosphere at home can be greatly helpful.
To      and sleep properly is also important. Students tend to avoid sleep and starve themselves due to anxiety, but it is      to their academic performance and health. It’s better that students should plan their time well and take proper breaks between studies. They should always remember to set aside some time for their      since some entertainment helps them relax and concentrate.
小題1:
A．concentrateB．relaxC．succeedD．experience
小題2:
A．curiousB．confidentC．a(chǎn)nxiousD．calm
小題3:
A．plansB．breaksC．jobsD．exams
小題4:
A．failureB．a(chǎn)chievementC．preparationD．performance
小題5:
A．peacefulB．stressfulC．naturalD．a(chǎn)voidable
小題6:
A．positivelyB．confidentlyC．intentionallyD．negatively
小題7:
A．rememberB．forgetC．confuseD．lose
小題8:
A．fearB．dreamC．expectationD．competition
小題9:
A．increasingB．feelingC．a(chǎn)voidingD．creating
小題10:
A．relaxationB．pressureC．nervousnessD．confidence
小題11:
A．TeachersB．ParentsC．FriendsD．Instructors
小題12:
A．relaxingB．excitingC．depressingD．worrying
小題13:
A．learnB．playC．restD．eat
小題14:
A．helpfulB．harmfulC．importantD．nice
小題15:
A．studiesB．habitsC．hobbiesD．meals

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked, though.
There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.
I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy’s teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking，the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.
I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:
“So what happened today?”
It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start，which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
小題1:The boy made trouble for his teacher because he_____   .
A．was accused of destroying property
B．was told not to yell at other children
C．was made to do things against his will
D．was blamed for creating an air of tension
小題2:Why didn’t the author do anything about the boy’s bad behavior at first?
A．She didn’t want to make it worse.
B．She didn’t mind the huge mess at all.
C．She was tired of shouting and threats.
D．She hadn’t thought of a coping strategy.
小題3:The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by    _____.
A．playing games with him
B．giving him a good suggestion
C．describing his teacher’s feelings
D．a(chǎn)voiding making critical remarks
小題4:Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end?
A．He was sorry about his reputation.
B．He was regretful about his behavior.
C．He was fearful of the author’s warning.
D．He was sad for the author’s misunderstanding.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As we know, the earth's climate has changed over time.The present rate of climate change depends, in large part, on human activities.Today, people all over the world are making everyday choices that help the environment.Small actions matter.In other words, climate change is your business.
A woman in Nicaragua buys fluorescent (熒光的) light bulbs that are 80 percent more energy­saving than traditional ones. Many  governments are now subsidizing energy­saving lights to encourage people  to turn to them.Consumers are discovering that the new­generation bulbs   help them save money in the long run.
Agriculture accounts for about 14 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放) , and transporting the food around adds to the environmental cost.There is a team of young vegetable growers in the United Kingdom who want to encourage kids to start planting their own fruit and vegetables.
A young lawyer wearing business clothes rides her bicycle to work in a large U．S.city.She's been biking to work every day for the past two years and says it's a lot easier than many people think.A recent study shows that more Americans bike or walk to work today than before.
A university student from southeastern China carries a reusable shopping bag to cut back on disposable (一次性的) plastics.Some large shopkeepers have removed paper and plastic bags, and consumers are responding.
In Canberra, Australia, summers are hot and winters cold.To save electricity, Adam Wilson in Canberra uses an energy­saving heating system, and he keeps the temperature lower than he did in years past.He still makes it through the summer without air conditioning.
小題1:The passage mainly tells us that________.
A．climate change is concerned with everyone
B．the global warming is getting worse
C．saving energy is of great necessity
D．human is to destroy the environment
小題2:The underlined word “subsidizing” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．chargingB．producing
C．giving allowance toD．taking advantage of
小題3:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．The governments don't expect consumers to use the new­generation bulbs.
B．Agriculture should be responsible for part of the global gas emissions.
C．Many people in Nicaragua go to work on foot or by bike.
D．University students from China always carry disposable shopping bags.
小題4:We can learn from the last paragraph that________.
A．the climate in Canberra is mild all the year round
B．a(chǎn)n energy­saving heating system will come into use
C．Adam Wilson has a good habit of saving energy
D．Adam Wilson is skilled in inventing the energy­saving equipment

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

On October 12,1989，some British scientists were working at the computers to look for the information they needed.Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright points crossing the computer screens.At the same time the computers were working much slower.To find out what was happening they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers.To their horror，they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses(病毒)！Clearly all these computers had been infected by computer viruses.
It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks.They all had excellent education.They created the viruses just to show their intelligence. These kinds of computer viruses are named Jerusalem Viruses.These viruses can stay in computers for a long time.When the time comes they will attack(襲擊)the computers by lowering the functions，damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information.
We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers on Friday and that they are spreading(傳播)to a lot of computers.Among the countries that were attacked by computer viruses last year are Britain，Australia，Switzerland and the U．S.But till now，how to get rid of the terrible viruses remains a problem.
小題1:When the viruses attack the computers，the computers will work________.
A．normallyB．slowlyC．fasterD．well
小題2:The group of young men created the viruses to________.
A．damage the computers
B．test their ability
C．tell people that they were intelligent
D．play a trick on users of the computers
小題3:According to the passage，computer viruses seem to ________.
A．have been in nature for years
B．stay in any computers
C．be difficult to get rid of at present
D．be able to be got rid of in the near future
小題4:According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?
A．Last year six countries found their computers were infected by viruses.
B．The viruses will come to a new computer after staying in the old one for some time.
C．Scientists are trying to find a way to get rid of the viruses.
D．The Jerusalem Viruses are dangerous to human health.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(London)­If it really is what's on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.
Some doctors now think that the internal fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.
“Being thin doesn't surely mean you are not fat，” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College. Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.
According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.
Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.
According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.
Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes. They want to prove that internal fat damages the body's communication systems.
The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no short cut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle，” Bell said.
小題1:What is this piece of news mainly about?
A．Thin people also have troubles.
B．Internal fat is of no importance.
C．Internal fat leads to many diseases.
D．Thin people may be fat inside.
小題2:Doctors have found ________.
A．being slim doesn't mean you are not fat inside
B．internal fat is the cause of heart disease and diabetes
C．being slim is not dangerous at all
D．the exact dangers of internal fat
小題3:According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A．People with heart disease all have internal fat.
B．People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.
C．Men are more likely to have too much internal fat.
D．Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A huge cloud of dust rose and an overpass disappeared. This was the scene in Zhuzhou，Hunan Province on May 17.Nine people were killed and 16 injured.
Things were similar last year in the Sichuan earthquake. Thousands of people were buried in the ruins and lost their lives. What if we could have warned them?
People are always racking their brains to find a way of preventing buildings’ collapse. Better materials and technology help，but they are not a solution.
Just like humans，a building has its own life cycle from “birth” to “death”．If we know when a building is going to collapse，we can repair it in advance or get out of it before it falls.
Now，scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a material that turns red before it breaks. The invention could be used in things like climbing ropes or bridge supports.
The research was led by Nancy Sottos，a professor at the university’s Beckman Institute，and Douglas Davis，a graduate research assistant.
The secret behind the color­changing material is a type of molecule (分子)．A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds. Imagine you and your friends standing in a circle，holding hands. Each person stands for one atom，your hands represent the bonds，and the entire circle represents a molecule. If one person lets go of his or her hands，the molecule changes color.
The research team put the molecule into a soft material. When the researchers stretched the material，it turned bright red for a few seconds before it broke into two pieces. When they repeatedly stretched and relaxed the material，without breaking it，it only turned a little red.
The major problem is that light can get rid of the red color. When the team shone bright light on the molecule，the broken bond was fixed，and the color disappeared.
If the bright light keeps the red color from appearing，the material’s warning system will be useless. Scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color­changing molecules can be used outside the lab.
小題1:What does the passage mainly introduce?
A．The collapse of an overpass in Zhuzhou，Hunan Province.
B．The Sichuan earthquake
C．A material that turns red before it breaks.
D．A way of preventing building from collapsing.
小題2:The underlined words “racking their brains” in the third paragraph mean ________.
A．suffering a lotB．collecting beyond imagination
C．losing a lotD．thinking very hard
小題3:Which of the following is a WRONG statement?
A．Thousands of people died from the collapse of buildings in the Sichuan earthquake because they hadn’t been warned.
B．There is no building that will never collapse.
C．A new material has been applied to buildings to warn people of collapse.
D．A color­changing material can turn red before it breaks.
小題4:What can we infer from the passage?
A．The color­changing molecules are certain to be used outside the lab.
B．There will be no collapse with the help of the color­changing material.
C．There is a long way to go before the material can be applied.
D．The problem caused by bright light will be solved by scientists.

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