Question

3．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改同桌的以下作文．文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
      2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
    Though great progress has made in science these years，there are still many people living in poor conditions．They make their lives by collecting and selling used thing．Their children cannot go to school because they have not enough money to send their children to there．Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now？The answer lies on the population explosion．A president of a developing country once said；"It is us who are to blame for the poverty because we used to'produce'child without limit．"Although this few words sound simple enough，they have clear pointed out one of the causes of the population explosion．

Answer 1

分析 本文作者主要分析了在科技迅猛發(fā)展的今天，仍然還存在貧困人口的原因（即在于人口數(shù)量的急劇增加）．

解答 Though great progress has∧made in science these years，there are still
many people living in poor conditions．They make theirlivesby collecting
and selling usedthing．Their children cannot go to school because they have
not enough money to send their children to there．Why∧you think so many
people still suffer from poverty now？The answer liesonthe population explosion．
A president of a developing country once said；"It isuswho are to blame for the
poverty because we used to'produce'child without limit．"Although this few words
sound simple enough，they have clear pointed out one of the causes of the population
explosion．
詳解：
1．has后加been   考查語(yǔ)態(tài)   根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"these years"可知，此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；由于動(dòng)詞do與主語(yǔ)progress是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；故在has后加been．
2．lives改為living　考查固定搭配    make one's living意為：謀生，故用living．
3．thing改為things　考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)   此處指的是：一些用過(guò)的東西，故用復(fù)數(shù)名詞things．
4．去掉to   考查介詞   由于there是副詞，其前不能再加介詞；故去掉to．
5．Why后加 do　考查助動(dòng)詞    根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)"now"可知，本句應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；由于此處用在特殊疑問(wèn)詞why之后，主語(yǔ)you之前，構(gòu)成的是特殊疑問(wèn)句；故用助動(dòng)詞do．
6．on改為in　固定搭配     lie in意為：在于…；故用in．
7．us改為we　考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句   本句符合強(qiáng)調(diào)句"It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他成分"這一結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語(yǔ)，故用we．
8．child改為children　考查固定詞組    produce children生育子女，故用children．
9．this改為these　考查指示代詞   此處用來(lái)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞words，指的是這幾個(gè)字，故用these．
10．clear改為clearly　考查副詞    此處用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞詞組point out，故用副詞clearly．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語(yǔ)法知識(shí)與語(yǔ)言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)篇三要素的把握能力．錯(cuò)誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞．常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤有：1 詞法錯(cuò)誤，主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見(jiàn)句法錯(cuò)誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問(wèn)句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進(jìn)行作答．