4.You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life.But in fact,almost everyone can invent.It's just that they do not recognize that their idea could be the start of an invention.Once inventous see their ideas have some practical value,they don't let them slip away.For example,the inventor of the dishwasher,American Josephine Cochrane,loved to give dinner parties.But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and to many of them broke.She decided that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes.So,in 1886,she set out to make one for herself.
Like Cochrane's,most inventions are created to solve a problem.So the first and most important step is to find the problem.You can start by looking at what is wrong with things you use now.You can ask grandparents or neighbours if they remember every saying:"I wish someone would invent something for …"Or you can look at people in different areas such as on the street,or at school.Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement.Remember to record your ideas and work.This will help you develop your invention and protect it when it is completed.The next step is to think about possible solutions.An invention is a new way of solving a problem.So think of many,varied,and unusual ways.You can often come up with a solution for a problem by looking at it from a different angle or thinking about it in a new way.
Example 1-instead of thinking of shoes as protecting your feet from the ground,think of using something to protect the ground from your feet.
Example 2-instead of thinking about how you can carry orange home from a store,think of how they can come to you by delivery or growing your own.
Example 3-instead of experimenting with only one solution,can you put two or three solutios together,or arrange them in different orders?
And if one solution doesn't work,can it be put to other uses?That was how yellow post-it note(N次貼)came about-a"failed"adhesive(粘合劑)experiment proved a weak adhesive had good uses too!
After all,most inventions are not brand new.They do not come out of nowhere,but come out of things or ideas that already exist.And the hardest part of inventing,even for a lot of inventors,is coming up with a problem and finding a solution.Once you have an idea,you can always get help building your invention.
This problem-solving technique can also work in your everyday life.So,why not try it in your studies,in your relationship with others,or even in the way you look at the world?
29.The main idea or this story is thatB.
A.you can learn some problem-solving technique from others
B.you must know how to improve the world around you
C.you can invent and how you will be able to do so
D.you must try to find out how to invent things
30.What makes inventors different from other people is thatB.
A.they consider every new idea as an outstanding invention
B.they are full of creative ideas and try to put them into reality
C.they enjoy solving problems even if these problems are too difficult
D.they look for problems and try to solve them in a new and better way
31.The underlined word"it"in the second paragraph can be replaced byA.
A.the problem
B.the way
C.the solution
D.the invention
32.Which of the following is one of the ways to find a problem?C
A.Finding out things that people are not satisfied with.
B.Trying to find problems while doing experiments.
C.Looking at the world from a different angle.
D.Never letting a practical idea slip away.
分析 本主要寫了發(fā)明創(chuàng)造從改造我們身邊的事物開始.
解答 29.B 主旨大意題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,主要講述了You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life.But in fact,almost everyone can invent.It's just that they do not recognize that their idea could be the start of an invention.你一定認(rèn)為發(fā)明創(chuàng)造離我們很遙遠(yuǎn),但是事實(shí)上,每個人都可以發(fā)明物品,只是他們沒有意識到他們的想法其實(shí)就是新的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的第一步,由此推斷,我們要善于發(fā)明身邊的人和事,尤其是新發(fā)明來改變世界,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選B
30.B 細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,most inventions are created to solve a problem…And the hardest part of inventing,even for a lot of inventors,is coming up with a problem and finding a solution.大多數(shù)的發(fā)明家都是積極的有創(chuàng)造性的去解決一個問題,并且積極主動的將想法變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)去解決問題,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選B
31.A 詞義猜測題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,You can often come up with a solution for a problem by looking at it from a different angle or thinking about it in a new way.你可以通過以一種新的思考方式或者思維角度來對一個問題提出解決方法,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故it替代的內(nèi)容為the problem
32.C 細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,This problem-solving technique can also work in your everyday life.So,why not try it in your studies,in your relationship with others,or even in the way you look at the world?由此可知,以一種不同的角度來看這個世界,你就可以找到一個問題,并相應(yīng)的提出解決辦法,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選C
點(diǎn)評 本文是一個社會文化類閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).