【題目】 "Like a monster, it destroys everything. " That's how one school girl described a tsunami（海嘯）.

On Dec. 26, 2004, a magnitude-9. 1 earthquake in Indonesia set off a massive tsunami. It killed more than 230,000 people across four countries and cost an estimated $ 10 billion in damage.

Nov. 5 is World Tsunami Awareness Day and at the United Nations Wednesday, disaster risk reduction was high on the agenda.

"What I can tell you is that the tsunami wave cannot be stopped," said Bulgarians U. N. Ambassador Georgi Velikov Panayotov. He was on vacation in Thailand in 2004 and survived the tsunami. "What we can do is build early warning systems and, of course, educate the population about the damaging power of the tsunami wave," he said.

On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake rocked northeastern Japan triggering a fierce tsunami that also damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, south of Sendai.

"When the big earthquake hit Japan in 2011, people thought that we were prepared for it," said Japan's U. N. Ambassador Koro Bessho. "It caused severe damage. We had dams； we had drills. However, we had been counting on something that hits every 100 years and the earthquake was of the size of possibly every 500 years or thousand years, he said.

These two events sent the countries of the region into overdrive to review and improve disaster preparedness. In 2015 the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction was born. It aims to help create a better understanding of disaster risk and improve preparedness for an effective response.

Indonesia is made up of thousands of islands which are disaster-prone（易受災(zāi)地區(qū)）. Willem Rampangilei, head of the Disaster Management Agency of Indonesia, said his government now has plans for every disaster-prone city.

Countries at risk are also expanding their education programs. Children from an early age are taught how to react in case of a tsunami and then go with their classmates to higher ground away from coastal areas to avoid the walls of water the tsunami triggers.

【1】What does Georgi Velikov Panayotov mainly talk about?

A.The general features of a tsunami.B.Ways for humans to face a tsunami.

C.His suffering in the 2004 tsunami.D.The loss caused by the 2004 tsunami.

【2】In Koro Bessho's opinion, why did the 2011 earthquake cause severe damage?

A.It caused a fierce tsunami.B.It destroyed a nuclear plant.

C.The size was beyond expectation.D.There was no effective defense system.

【3】What common belief pushed different countries to take action to face a coming tsunami?

A.Children should be protected by all means.

B.The improvement of preparedness can reduce damage.

C.Proper response in case of a tsunami can save one's life.

D.Stronger measures should be taken in disaster-prone areas.

【4】Which can be the best title of the text?

A.World Tsunami Awareness Day

B.Nations Attacked by Massive Tsunami

C.The Unpredictable and Destructive Disaster

D.Learn from Disasters to Prevent Future Ones

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。海嘯頻發(fā)的國家從災(zāi)難中吸取教訓(xùn)，防止未來再次發(fā)生海嘯。

【1】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“What I can tell you is that the tsunami wave cannot be stopped," 和"What we can do is build… of the tsunami wave," he said.可知Georgi Velikov Panayotov說“我能告訴你們的是，海嘯的浪潮是無法阻止的。2004年，他在泰國度假，并在海嘯中幸存下來。他說:“我們能做的是建立早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)然，教育人們海嘯的破壞力。”也就是說他主要在談?wù)撊祟惷鎸[的方法，故選B項。

【2】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“When the big earthquake hit Japan in 2011, people thought that we were prepared for it,…However, we had been counting on something that hits every 100 years and the earthquake was of the size of possibly every 500 years or thousand years, he said.”可知Koro Bessho說他們已經(jīng)為地震做好了準(zhǔn)備，但是他們一直以為這次的地震是100年一次的地震，結(jié)果這次地震的規(guī)�？赡苁�500年或1000年一次。也就說他認(rèn)為地震的規(guī)模超過了他們的預(yù)期，導(dǎo)致他們準(zhǔn)備不足從而遭受了嚴(yán)重的損失。故選C項。

【3】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中的“These two events sent the countries of the region into overdrive to review and improve disaster preparedness. …It aims to help create a better understanding of disaster risk and improve preparedness for an effective response.”可知這兩起事件促使該地區(qū)各國加緊審查和改進(jìn)防災(zāi)準(zhǔn)備工作。2015年，仙臺減少災(zāi)害風(fēng)險框架誕生。它的目的是幫助人們更好地了解災(zāi)害風(fēng)險，并改進(jìn)對有效應(yīng)對的準(zhǔn)備工作。根據(jù)第八段“said his government now has plans for every disaster-prone city.”可知印度政府現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)為每個災(zāi)害易發(fā)城市制定了計劃。印度和日本都吸取教訓(xùn)加強(qiáng)了防災(zāi)準(zhǔn)備工作來應(yīng)對海嘯，由此判斷這些國家都認(rèn)為改進(jìn)準(zhǔn)備工作可以減少損失。故選B項。

【4】

主旨大意題。文章首先用印度的一場海嘯以及引用保加利亞以及日本國家大使在聯(lián)合國會議的發(fā)言來表明海嘯的危害以及人們從中吸取的教訓(xùn)。接著作者以日本仙臺和印度為例說明海嘯頻發(fā)地區(qū)各國從災(zāi)難中學(xué)習(xí)，加緊審查和改進(jìn)防災(zāi)準(zhǔn)備工作，并提到面臨海嘯風(fēng)險的國家也在擴(kuò)大其教育項目。D項（人們從災(zāi)難中學(xué)習(xí)來預(yù)防未來的災(zāi)難）最能概括本文，是最適合的標(biāo)題。故選D項。

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