Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.

Ethos is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all, you’re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.

Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience’s emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewer feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.

Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me “.

Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.

1.What do persuasion and art have in common?

A. They both entertain the audience.

B. They both require great skill to achieve.

C. They both demand full attention from the audience.

D. They were both common topics of ancient Greek Writers.

2.How is a speaker able to show his ethos to the audience?

A. By expressing his sympathy with the audience.

B. By telling the audience about his personal preference.

C. By using beautiful language to make his statements attractive.

D. By showing his knowledge and experience related to the topic.

3.What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion?

A. Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion.

B. Each aspect has a different effect on the audience.

C. Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable.

D. Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.

4.An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all

bacteria” is mainly using .

A. ethos B. pathos

C. logos D. a combination of all three

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