16．這個(gè)市長(zhǎng)從來沒有想到過玩忽職守會(huì)使他身陷囹圄．（It）It never occurred to the major that neglect of duty would put him in jail/prison．．

分析 這個(gè)市長(zhǎng)從來沒有想到過玩忽職守會(huì)使他身陷囹圄．

解答 答案：It never occurred to the major that neglect of duty would put him in jail/prison．考查It做形式主語．
句子里It 做形式主語代指主語從句that neglect of duty would put him in jail/prison； occurred to 表示"發(fā)生"；put him in jail/prison表示"把他投入監(jiān)獄"．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考查漢譯英．
當(dāng)代英語通常用it 做形式主語定式和動(dòng)名詞置于謂語面特別主語較長(zhǎng)時(shí)或些習(xí)慣用法
1）謂語系表結(jié)構(gòu)（be+形容詞/名詞）時(shí)常定式置構(gòu)成句型 it+be+表語（形容詞/名詞）+定式
例  It is my duty to care for that patient．照料位病人我職責(zé)（做主語定式to care for that patient 置it 形式主語）
2）當(dāng)謂語 takemakepaycost require feelneed 等動(dòng)詞時(shí)或者與情緒有關(guān)動(dòng)詞 delightamuseexciteannoyirritate 等時(shí)習(xí)慣上常用 it 做形式主語并定式置
例 It takes only ten minutes to get there．到那兒只需十分鐘
3）同定式樣動(dòng)名詞也用于it+be+表語+動(dòng)名詞句型二者區(qū)別參見10.2.2 1）論述下面兩組句子沒有多大差異
例 It is a waste of time arguing with him．和他爭(zhēng)辯浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 
4）表語（of）no usenot any usenot the slightest use no good not much goodfun等時(shí)常用動(dòng)名詞（用定式）做主語并置用 it 做形式主語
例 It's no use crying over spilt milk．覆水難收

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