Question

A euphemism (from the Greek words eu--well and pheme--speak) is a word or expression that is used when people want to find a polite or less direct way of talking about difficult or embarrassing topics like death or the bodily functions. Most people, for example, would find it very difficult to say in plain language that they have arranged for their sick old dog to be killed. They would soften the pain by saying：We had Ruby put down or We had Ruby put to sleep. Many people prefer to call someone plain than ugly, or cuddly rather than fat.

Euphemisms are an important part of every language, but it seems that English has an ever-growing number of them. The non-native speaker not only has to make sense of the euphemisms he hears, he also has to learn which euphemisms are appropriate in any particular situation. He might be aware that his American friend needs to use the toilet when she asks where the bathroom (or restroom, or comfort station) is, but he is less likely to guess that his English friend has the same need when he says he has to see a man about a dog. He might have learned, for example, that in the family way is a euphemism for pregnant. If, however, he says to his boss," Congratulations! I hear your wife is in the family way," he would be using an expression that is too familiar for the circumstances.

Schools are full of euphemisms. At Frankfurt International School, for example, the special lessons given to students who are having difficulties in their school subjects are called Study Center (in the middle school) and Academic Workshop (in the high school). Teachers rightly do not want to upset students or parents by being too frank or straight-forward, and usually choose a softer word or expression to convey the same message.

1.According to the passage, people use euphemisms in order to .

A. make themselves understood

B. attract attention

C. to sound straightforward

D. avoid embarrassment

2.A person who is described as plain and cuddly is in fact .

A. tall and handsome B. ugly and fat

C. ugly but tall D. pretty and slim

3.When an English lady says she has to see a man about a dog, she might want to .

A. go to the toilet

B. see an ugly friend

C. have her old dog killed

D. see a pregnant woman

4.The main purpose of Paragraph 2 is to .

A. stress that euphemisms are an important part of every language

B. inform readers that English has an ever-growing number of euphemisms

C. warn English learners to be careful about the meaning and use of euphemisms

D. suggest non-native speakers use euphemisms as often as possible

5.At Frankfurt International School, the students who receive lessons in Study Center .

A. work hard at their lessons

B. do well in school

C. have poor grades in the subjects

D. prefer to learn more

 

Answer 1

1.D

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了委婉語在英語中的廣泛應(yīng)用，并提醒英語學(xué)習(xí)者，要在溝通中注意委婉語的意思和用法，以免出現(xiàn)尷尬狀況。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“A euphemism (from the Greek words eu—well and pheme—speak) is a word or expression that is used when people want to find a polite or less direct way of talking about difficult or embarrassing topics like death or the bodily functions.”可知，答案D“為了避免尷尬”符合文意。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“Many people prefer to call someone plain than ugly，or cuddly rather than fat.”可知，許多人更喜歡相貌平平而不是丑陋的，喜歡可愛的而不是肥胖的，答案B符合文意

3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句“He might be aware that his American friend needs to use the toilet when she asks where the bathroom (or restroom，or comfort station) is，but he is less likely to guess that his English friend has the same need when he says he has to see a man about a dog.”可知當(dāng)他說when he says he has to see a man about a dog可知是想去廁所，故選A項(xiàng)。

4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“...not only has to make sense of the...also has to learn...in any particular situation.”及對第二段的整體理解可知，列舉了英語中應(yīng)用委婉語的不同情形，從而給英語學(xué)習(xí)者提醒：要在溝通中注意委婉語的意思和用法，以免出現(xiàn)尷尬狀況，故選C項(xiàng)。

5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“At Frankfurt International School，for example，the special lessons given to students who are having difficulties in their school subjects are called Study Center (in the middle school) and Academic Workshop (in the high school)．”可知這樣的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)有困難，故選C項(xiàng)。

考點(diǎn)：文化類閱讀。