Question

【題目】The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts（文科） in higher education isn't an either/or proposition（命題），although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM（science，technology，engineering，maths）-related fields can make it seem that way．

The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training，but also states firmly that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels．Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society，become creative leaders，and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides．

Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs．Under these circumstances，it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some，though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often，in fact，lead to employment and success in the long run．Indeed，according to surveys，employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well，think critically，research creatively，and communicate easily．

Moreover，students should be prepared not just for their first job，but for their 4th and 5th jobs，as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers．The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible．The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science，arts，and technology—to solve the problems of the future，and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves，will be helpful to them and the United States．

【1】What does the latest congressional report suggest？

A. STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.

B. Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.

C. The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life.

D. The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance．

【2】What kind of job applicants do employers look for？

A. Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.

B. Those who are good at solving practical problems.

C. Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.

D. Those who have received anall-round education.

【3】What advice does the author give to college students？

A. Seize opportunities to explore their potential．

B. Try to take a variety of practical courses．

C. Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems．

D. catch asmany chances as possible to change their jobs.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】D

【3】C

【解析】

【1】D細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干定位詞latest congressional report 定位到文章第二段第一句。Acknowledge意為“承認(rèn)”，引出觀點(diǎn)。前半句非常簡(jiǎn)單，“最近的一次國(guó)會(huì)報(bào)告承認(rèn)了技術(shù)訓(xùn)練的關(guān)鍵性”，后半句以but進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“但是他們也認(rèn)為關(guān)于人文學(xué)科和社會(huì)科學(xué)的研究都必須在任何等級(jí)的美國(guó)教育系統(tǒng)中作為核心部分”。之后的both areas are critical to…都是在描述這兩門(mén)學(xué)科對(duì)塑造人才的積極影響，選項(xiàng)唯一的難點(diǎn)是STEM在文中是以social science進(jìn)行同義替換的方式出現(xiàn)的。Should be given equal importance和原文的must remain central components of …對(duì)應(yīng)。故選D。

【2】D推理判斷。第三段最后一句話，employers have expressed a preference for students who received a broadly-based education that has taught them how to write well，think carefully，research creatively，and communicate easily. 這句話非常直白地告訴我們老板所偏愛(ài)的員工是接受過(guò)broadly-based education的人，即“全方位教育”，故選D。

【3】C 推理判斷。本段的最后兩句話。意思是“能在這種環(huán)境下做到最好的一定是那些已經(jīng)讓自己做好隨時(shí)變通的準(zhǔn)備的人。”以及最后作者還評(píng)價(jià)“能夠利用任何可用的工具——不管是來(lái)自己于哪個(gè)學(xué)科，去解決問(wèn)題，并且利用機(jī)會(huì)表現(xiàn)自己”的能力會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的幫助。D選項(xiàng)就是對(duì)原文的歸納和總結(jié)，ABC屬于無(wú)中生有的干擾項(xiàng)。