Question

13．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
This summer，I paid a visit in my hometown．What made me really sad was that it had changed a lot of．
In the past，my hometown was very beautiful，with small river run through the village．Tall and straight trees，beautiful flowers or green grass could be seen everywhere．Nowadays，therefore，with the development of modern society，people are living a"happy"life．Many tall buildings are found on both sides of the river，but the river has been bad polluted as waste water runs directly into it and there are now few fishes swim in it．It was time to take measure to protect our living environment．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要講述作者的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大．以前是小河環(huán)繞，綠樹成蔭，各種鮮艷的花，翠綠的草隨處可見．現(xiàn)在，隨著城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展．小河兩岸高樓林立，城鎮(zhèn)化已經(jīng)達到了非常高的水平．由于生活污水工業(yè)廢水未經(jīng)處理就直接排放入小河里，這樣就嚴(yán)重污染了水域．由此可見，應(yīng)該好好保護我們生活的環(huán)境了．

解答 This summer，I paid a visit in my hometown．What made me really sad was that it had changed a lot of．
In the past，my hometown was very beautiful，with∧small river run through the village．Tall and straight trees，beautiful flowers or green grass could be seen everywhere．Nowadays，therefore，with the development of modern society，people are living a"happy"life．Many tall buildings are found on both sides of the river，but the river has been bad polluted as waste water runs directly into it and there are now few fishes swim in it．It was time to take measure to protect our living environment．
詳解：
1．in改為to 考查介詞．pay a visit to意為"去參觀，拜訪"，是固定搭配．
2．去掉of 考查詞語用法．change是動詞，用副詞a lot修飾，a lot of修飾名詞．
3．加a 考查冠詞．river是可數(shù)名詞，單數(shù)形式前加不定冠詞a表示泛指．
4．run改為running 考查現(xiàn)在分詞．with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，river與run之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語．
5．or改為and 考查連詞．beautiful flowers和green grass之間是并列關(guān)系而非選擇關(guān)系，用連詞and．
6．therefore改為however 考查副詞．however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，尤其用于談及一個既成事實時，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，其意為"可是""仍然"等．可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開．
7．bad改為badly 考查副詞．pollute是動詞，要用副詞修飾．
8．swim改為swimming或swim前加that 考查現(xiàn)在分詞或定語從句．fishes與swim之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語swimming in it作后置定語；或swim前加that，構(gòu)成定語從句．
9．was改為is 考查動詞時態(tài)．此處講述的是一般事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)．
10．measure改為measures 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)．take measures意為"采取措施"，是固定搭配．

點評 高考短文改錯題的形式有說明文，短文故事，書信等，具有很強的實用性．短文的內(nèi)容和語言都符合高中學(xué)生的實際，從表面上看類似一篇學(xué)生習(xí)作．首先，通讀全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的時態(tài)、人稱及行文邏輯，在通讀全文時把一些容易的錯誤先改好，再進行逐句改錯．其次，要進行逐個句子的改錯．這是要對文中的詞法、句法和語篇著重分析和特別注意．最后把改好的短文再閱讀一遍，檢查答案是否正確，感覺是否還有不妥之處，最終形成定稿．