Question

【題目】 Recently there was a major discovery in the scientific research—the mapping of all DNA in a human gene is complete. Several years ago, it seems an impossible task for scientist to accomplish. All this progress in science leads us to believe that the day when human being will be cloned is not far away. Human cloning has always been a topic of argument in terms of morality (道德) or religion.

Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial, among many cases, it is arguable that parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic limitation to a child could make use of cloning. Moreover, cloning would enable women who can't get pregnant to have children of their own.

Cloning humans would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect transfer organs. This surely would be greatly beneficial to millions of unfortunate people around the world who are expected to lose their lives due to organ problems. It is also arguable that a ban on cloning may be unlawful and would rob people of the right to reproduce and limit the freedom of scientists.

However, arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side. Primarily, I believe that cloning would step in the normal "cycle" of life. There would be a large number of same genes, which reduce the chances of evolution, since it may be difficult for living creatures to naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment, which will result in ultimate disappearance. Furthermore, cloning would make the uniqueness that each one of us possesses disappear. Thus, leading to creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes and, chances are that those individuals would be regarded as "objects" rather than people in the society.

Scientists couldn't surely guarantee that the first cloned humans will be normal. Thus this could result in introduction of additional limitations in the human "gene-pool".

Regarding such arguable topics in "black or white" approach seems very innocent. We should try to look at all "shades" of it. I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans. Then we could regard this as for "saving life" instead of "creating life". It is believed that cloning humans is morally and socially unacceptable.

【1】What's the author's opinion on cloning?

A.Cloning should be entirely banned.

B.Cloning should be used in creating life.

C.Cloning will take away the right to reproduce.

D.Cloning is acceptable if it is used for cloning organs.

【2】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

A.B.

C.D.

【3】Where is the text probably from?

A.A story book.B.A magazine.

C.A science fiction.D.A novel.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】B

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。最近在科學(xué)研究方面有了大的發(fā)現(xiàn)——人類基因的完整圖譜。這一重大發(fā)現(xiàn)使人們相信克隆人的那一天不再遙遠(yuǎn)�？寺∪艘恢笔艿綘�(zhēng)議，無論是從道德還是宗教方面來說。但是克隆人有好處：一是使那些不孕不育的女性有自己的孩子；二是可以用來克隆器官。但是克隆人使人不再具有唯一性，而且也不能保證正常。所以，作者認(rèn)為克隆器官可以被接受。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans．可知，作者認(rèn)為只有在目的是為克隆器官，而不是人類時(shí),克隆才是合法的。D. Cloning is acceptable if it is used for cloning organs.(克隆如果被用來克隆器官是可以接受的)符合以上說法，故選D項(xiàng)。

【2】

推理判斷題。文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是：第一段引出論點(diǎn)Human cloning has always been a topic of argument in terms of morality (道德) or religion.(人類的克隆是一個(gè)爭(zhēng)論的話題，這涉及到道德與宗教)；第二三段提出支持方的觀點(diǎn)Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial (看看為什么克隆是有益的)；第四五段提出反對(duì)方觀點(diǎn)However, arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side.(然而，反對(duì)克隆的爭(zhēng)論也有非常實(shí)際的一面)；第六段提出個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans.(我認(rèn)為只有在目的是為克隆器官，而不是人類時(shí)克隆才是合法的)，故本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是：提出論點(diǎn)（1段）——正方觀點(diǎn)（2，3段）/反方觀點(diǎn)（4，5段）——個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)（6段）。故選A項(xiàng)。

【3】

推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，尤其是第一段的Human cloning has always been a topic of argument in terms of morality (道德) or religion.(人類的克隆是一個(gè)爭(zhēng)論的話題，這涉及到道德與宗教)；第二段的Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial (看看為什么克隆是有益的)；第四段的However, arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side.(然而，反對(duì)克隆的爭(zhēng)論也有非常實(shí)際的一面)和第六段的I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans.(我認(rèn)為只有在目的是為克隆器官，而不是人類時(shí)，克隆才是合法的)可知，文章提出克隆是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的話題，列舉它優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，還發(fā)表了自己的觀點(diǎn)。這是一篇和社會(huì)倫理道德相關(guān)的文章，由此推測(cè)它很有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上。B. A magazine.(一份雜志)符合以上推測(cè)，故選B項(xiàng)。