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17．As students and teachers returned to school on Monday after the publication of performance ratings（等級） for 18，000 teachers，many parents said they were giving the reports serious thought．Yet there was an equal measure of skepticism among parents that test scores have any relationship with teachers'competence．
Some said they already knew how good a teacher was by walking into the classroom or by monitoring their children's progress．"I'm the kind of person who likes to see for themselves，"a father in Queens said．
Others worried about how their fellow parents，perhaps ones with sharper elbows，might respond．Will they demand a new teacher？Move their children to a new school？
Elizabeth Sane，the mother of a fourth grader at the Ella Baker School，a kindergarten-through-eighth-grade school on the Upper East Side，said that her daughter was switched to a different teacher's class over the summer，and that it was"like adding salt to the wound"when she saw the high ratings for her daughter's previous teacher．Her daughter's teacher this year did not receive a rating because he previously taught high school．
Ms．Sane said that the rating was not the only factor that influenced how she assessed a teacher's performance，but that the data used for teacher evaluations mattered．
But other parents dropping their children off at the Ella Baker School said they did not trust teacher ratings based on test scores any more than they wanted their children's learning measured only by the state exams．
"Some people take it as the final word，but it doesn't change who they are as teachers．The ratings aren't accurate，and the whole student testing thing needs to be thrown out，"said Lydia Delgado，whose child is in the second grade．
 
41．Paragraph 1 tells us thatD
A．All the teachers received a rating given by the students．
B．All the teachers will receive a rating at the end of each semester，
C．Most parents took the teachers'ratings seriously．
D．About half of the parents doubted the ratings to be reliable．
42．What does the underlined part"with sharper elbows"mean？A
A．With the ability to change the situation．
B．With a good relationship with the school．
C．With a stong will to succeed．
D．With strong elbows physically．
43．Paragraph 4 shows that Elizabeth SaneB 
A．was on the side of giving ratings to the teachers．
B．regretted having sent her daughter to another class．
C．didn't think her daughter's previous teacher was better．
D．wanted her daughter to return to her previous class．
44．Which of the following statements is true？A
A．The teacher ratings were decided by the test scores of the students．
B．Ms．Sane evaluated a teacher's performance only by the rating．
C．Lydia Delgado didn't think the students'scores should be kept．
D．To give ratings to teachers will come to an end in the near future．
45．The attitude of the author towards the way to assess teachers'competence isD．
A．supportive         B．critical
C．indifferent        D．objective．

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們討論了關于教師的評估方式，用學生的成績來評價教師到底科不科學，很多家長和專家都對此表示懷疑．

解答 41．D．細節(jié)理解題題．根據文章第一段"Yet there was an equal measure of skepticism among parents that test scores have any relationship with teachers'competence"可知很多家長懷疑這個評級是否可靠；故選D．
42．A．詞義猜測題．根據文章第三段"Others worried about how their fellow parents，perhaps ones with sharper elbows，might respond"另一些人擔心他們的父母，也許是那些有更敏銳的可以改變形勢的人可能會做出反應；故選A．
43．B．推理判斷題．根據文章第四段"and that it was"like adding salt to the wound"when she saw the high ratings for her daughter's previous teacher"可知Elizabeth Sane后悔送女兒到另一個老師那兒；故選B．
44．A．推理判斷題．根據文章倒數第三段"Ms．Sane said that the rating was not the only factor that influenced how she assessed a teacher's performance，but that the data used for teacher evaluations mattered"可知老師的評價是由學生的考試成績決定的；故選A．
45．D．推理判斷題．通讀全文，可知文章主要討論了關于教師的評估方式，用學生的成績來評價教師到底科不科學，作者舉了具體的例子，并用了實際數據，可知作者的態(tài)度是客觀的；故選D．

點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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American photographer and photojournalist Eli Reed has been documenting"life as I saw it"for more than 40years．His career retrospective （回顧），"Eli Reed：A Long Walk Home"，is an extraordinary search of beauty while recording hardship．With a heart of love，Reed uses a style that uncovers humanity at every turn．According to Reed，"A Long Walk Home"is about what it means to be a human being．It all began with a photo he took of his mother and his memory of her smile．
Raised in New Jersey，Reed was originally a painter．Primarily self-taught in photography，he became a freelance （自由的） photographer in 1970．After producing some impressive photos that drew much attention，he joined the famous company Magnum Photos---the first black photographer invited to do so．
His photos are remarkable in their lack of judgment of the people or the situations he comes across．In Beirut，Lebanon，a man removes a tree branch from a car in a recently bombed parking lot．An old man wrapped in a sheet plays a drum in front of a sign reading"God Is the Way"while National Guardsmen lift their guns during a war in Miami．A young boy upside down with his legs in the air in a Kenyan refugee camp，his determined look faces the camera．In Harlem，New York，a group of laughing children take over an abandoned car，using it as a jungle gym．
Reed's camera smiles．His images show how humans cope，rise above，and carry on．This is what gives"A Long Walk Home"its power．Considering the places Reed has been to，there are very few photos of guns or obvious violence．Instead，Reed focuses on the varied human responses to hardship．
We smile along with Reed in a gesture of compassion．We recognize our fellow human beings．

12．Why did Eli Reed produce his work"A Long Walk Home"？A
A．To search for the meaning of life
B．To keep memories of his mother
C．To help people who are suffering
D．To pursue his love of photography
13．According to the passage，Magnum PhotosD．
A．employed Reed in 1970
B．was located in New Jersey
C．taught Reed the art of photography
D．only had white employees originally
14．According to the passage，which of the sentences is true？B
A．Reed was taught how to take photos by his mother．
B．Reed was originally a painter．
C．Reed has been documenting"Life as I saw it"for only 40years．
D．"A Long Walk Home"began with a photo of Reed's father．
15．In his work"A Long Walk Home"Reed's photosC．
A．aim to draw others'sympathy
B．were taken only in America
C．reflect the strength of humans
D．focus on war and violence．

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