13．Everywhere you look，large quantities of information in the world are pouring．This data flood is already starting to transform business，government，science and everyday life．It has great potential for good-as long as consumers，companies and governments make the right choices about when to restrict the flow of data，and when to encourage it．
A few industries have led the way in their ability to gather and take advantage of the data．Credit-card companies monitor every purchase and can identify cheats with a high degree of accuracy．Stolen credit cards are more likely to be used to buy hard liquor than wine，for example，because it is easier to overlook．Insurance firms are also good at combining clues to spot doubtful claims：dishonest claims are more likely to be made on a Monday than a Tuesday，since policyholders （保險客戶） who stage accidents tend to assemble friends as false witnesses over the weekend．By combining many such rules，it is possible to work out which cards are likeliest to have been stolen，and which claims are untrue．By analyzing"basket data"，supermarkets can make promotions to appeal to particular customers'preferences．The oil industry uses supercomputers to help them before drilling wells．
But the data flood also poses risks．There are many examples of databases being stolen：disks full of social-security data go missing，laptops loaded with tax records are left in taxis，credit-card numbers are stolen by online purchase．The result can be privacy made public，identity stolen and cheats permitted large space．Rather than owning and controlling their own personal data，they very often find that they have lost control of it．
The best way to deal with the data flood is to make more data available in the right way，by requiring greater transparency in several areas．First，users should be given greater access to and control over the information held about them，including whom it is shared with．Google allows users to see what information it holds about them，and lets them delete their search histories or modify the targeting of advertising，for example．Second，organizations should be required to disclose details of security breaches，as is already the case in some parts of the world，to encourage bosses to take information security more seriously．Third，organizations should be subject to an annual security check，with the resulting grade made public （though details of any problems exposed would not be）．This would encourage companies to keep their security measures up to date．
59．What is the best title for this passage？A
A．Information Flood B．Benefits of Data Flood
C．Harms of Data Flood D．How to Use Data in a Right Way
60．From the passage we can infer thatD．
A．lots of data are lost because of hardware problems
B．online purchases are becoming more and more popular
C．credit cards are not so secure to use and will go out of use very soon
D．insurance firms have to investigate before they confirm their policyholders'claims
61．Which of the following is the writer's opinion about how to deal with the data flood？C
A．Personal information should be used for public benefits．
B．The users should be given the right to access public information．
C．Companies should update their measures to guarantee their data safety．
D．Organizations should keep their resulting grade of security checks unknown to the public．
62．From the passage we can conclude thatD．
A．the data flood makes peoples'life less convenient and more expensive
B．companies and insurance firms are responsible for the data flood
C．the information flood is more useful to organizations than to individuals
D．the information flood has both positive and negative influence on modern life．
分析 本文講述數(shù)據(jù)泛濫的好處和危害，如何處理數(shù)據(jù)泛濫．
解答 ADCD
59 A 主旨大意題． 通讀全文可知本文講述數(shù)據(jù)泛濫的好處和危害，如何處理數(shù)據(jù)泛濫．故選A．
60 D 細節(jié)題． 根據(jù)文章第二 段Insurance firms are also good at combining clues to spot doubtful claims 可知保險公司必須在他們確認投保人索賠之前進行調查，故選D．
61 C 細節(jié)題． 根據(jù)文章最后一段organizations should be subject to an annual security check，with the resulting grade made public （though details of any problems exposed would not be）． 可知組織應當接受每年一次的安全檢查，并公開劃分等級不讓公眾知道，故選C．
62 D 細節(jié)題．通讀全文可知數(shù)據(jù)泛濫既有積極影響也有消極影響，故選D．
點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
