The majority of employers are planning to cut down on wages＿＿＿＿the economic crisis.
A. by means of B. in defence of
C. in reaction to D. with regard to
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：單選題
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆北京大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)河南分校高三第一次月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項（選項中有兩項為多余選項）．并在答案卡上將該項涂黑。
Urbanization
Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 1._ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (鄉(xiāng)村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history--- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.
Britain was only the beginning. 2._ .The process of urbanization--- the migration (遷移) of people from the countryside to the city--- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.
In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 3. .
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. _4. . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.
Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 5._ . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.
A. That kept cities very small.
B. The rest live in small towns.
C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.
D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.
E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.
F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.
G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆江蘇省高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷（解析版） 題型：填空題
請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。每空一詞。
In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men． Even today, it’s still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but that’s something www．EngineerGirl．org aims to change． Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered．
“Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce． So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women．”
Mary Mattis in the National Academy of Engineering, says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures．
“We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that it’s a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer． But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can’t start thinking about taking those courses when you’re a junior in high school．”
Engineering is a demanding course of study ---there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many girls and even boys, that can be challenging． But Ms． Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting．
“It’s about designing things． It’s about changing the world for people． It’s about making a difference． And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer． All of those things are messages that girls need to get．”
While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and --- believe it or not --- chocolate engineering．
“There’s a section called ‘why be an engineer,’ and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income．”
Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there’s a lot of interesting information on the site, including biographies of some notable women engineers．
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Title |
Website（71）______ Girls to learn Engineering |
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Present （72）_____ for the engineering profession in the USA |
The majority of men take up the profession throughout（73） ______, while only a small number of women work as engineers． |
|
（74）_____ of the website |
To make young women （75）_____ of interesting fields in engineering and what productivity and（76）_____ the career of being engineers can bring them． |
|
（77）_____ of being engineers |
* It can be fun and exciting． * It can（78）_____ the world for people． * You can make a good living． * You can gain economic（79）_____ by becoming an engineer． |
|
Other fields concerning engineering |
Various opportunities are talked about like bio-engineering and engineering （80） _____ to sports, and even chocolate． |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年江蘇省蘇南四高三12月月考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Today is National Bike-to-Work Day. And on New York City’s jammed streets, people are cycling on hundreds of miles of new bike lanes. But New York’s widespread efforts to make streets safer for bikes have also left some locals complaining about the loss of parking spots and lanes for cars.
When the weather is good, Aaron Naparstek likes to pedal（用踏板踩）his two young kids to school on a special Dutch-made bicycle. Naparstek supports the new lane.
Aaron: The bike lane on Prospect Park West is really introducing a lot of new people to the idea that it’s possible to use a bike in New York City for transportation or to travel around. This is what 21st century New York City looks like.
Prospect Park West is still a one-way road, but where it used to have three lanes of car traffic, now it has two, plus a protected bike lane. Supporters say that makes the road safer for everyone, including pedestrians, by slowing down cars and taking bikes off the sidewalk. But some longtime residents disagree. Lois Carswell is president of a group called Seniors for Safety. She says the two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents who are used to one-way traffic.
Lois: We wanted a lane — the right kind of lane that would keep everybody safe, that would keep the bikers safe. But we want it to be done the right way. And it has not been done the right way.
Craig Palmer builds bars and restaurants in Manhattan. I was interviewing him for a different story when he brought up the bike lanes all on his own.
Craig: I think the biggest problem is that Bloomberg put all these bike lanes in. You took what used to be a full street and you’re shrinking it.
Then there are the Hasidic Jews in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, who forced the city to remove a bike lane through their neighborhood. But polls show that the majority of New Yorkers support bike lanes by a margin of 56% to 39%. Bicycle advocate Caroline Samponaro of Transportation Alternatives calls that a mandate.
Caroline: If this was an election, we would have already had our victory. The public has spoken and they keep speaking. And I think, more importantly, the public is starting to vote with their pedals.
1.What does Aaron mean by saying “This is what 21st century New York City looks like.”?
A．There are hundreds of miles of new bike lanes in 21 st century New York City.
B．Drivers slow down their cars and bikes are taken off the sidewalk in New York.
C．Bikes are used as a means of transport in 21 st century New York City.
D．It’s possible to make the streets safe for pedestrians in New York.
2.According to the passage, which of the following CANNOT support the opponents of these new bike lanes?
A．Drivers lose parking spots and lanes for cars.
B．The two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents.
C．We took what used to be a full street so the road is broader than before.
D．The removal of one bike lane through a neighbourhood in Brooklyn was not supported by the majority of New Yorkers.
3.“A mandate” in Paragraph 8 was referred to a demand or command from ______.
A．the authority B．the public C．the supporters D．the government
4.What of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Ride on National Bike-to-Work Day B．A New Bike Lane Appears in New York
C．A Bike Lane Divides New Yorkers D．Who Wins an Election
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學(xué)年重慶八中上學(xué)期高三第一次月考英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
Nobody Benefits
NEW YORK—America has been experiencing the longest economic increase in its history．Incomes have risen, unemployment has fallen, and cities such as New York are bursting with new office buildings．
But just a short walk from Manhattan's skyscrapers, George Brown sits on the side-walk, cooking a lunch of rice and bits of fish over a can of cooking fuel．
Brown is homeless — one of the 2.3 million people in the US who end up on the street．
During the day, Brown collects aluminium cans and sells them for five cents a piece．At night, he sleeps on the street．www.7caiedu.cn
"I have been on the street about eight or nine years, something like that," said the 62-year-old former construction worker．
Brown admits he's had problems with alcohol and has smoked cocaine．But he said he still wants a more stable housing arrangement．He could afford it just with the money he earns by collecting cans and small pieces of metal, if only truly low-income housing were available．
However, he sees no hope of finding affordable housing in New York．
With the strong economy and unemployment down, beautiful housing is being built to meet demand．
A US report shows rents in New York city rose more than 27 percent between 1984 and 1999, from US $549 to US $700 a month．
One of the side effects of the strong economy is that rents have been going up．
The majority of people who experience homelessness really just need some affordable housing help．
But few housing companies have been built for the poor．Many small apartments in the city now rent for US $1,500 a month or more．
Brown, the homeless New Yorker, said he has a daughter who lives in the city but he rarely sees her．She is angry about his drinking and won't allow it in her house．
Smiling, he said he also has seven grandchildren whom he'd like to see more often．
"All I've got to do is clean up my act," he said．
1.What kind of life does George Brown lead?
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A．Homeless and dangerous． |
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B．Homeless and childish． |
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C．Homeless and miserable （痛苦的）． |
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D．Homeless and sleepless． |
2.From George Brown's life we can find that ______.
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A．old Americans lead a hard life |
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B．old Americans want to live alone |
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C．American cities are crowded with poor people www.7caiedu.cn |
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D．bad habits play a role in some poor people's Life |
3.It can be inferred from this passage that ______.
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A．America is short of housing companies |
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B．the poor can't benefit from the increasing economy |
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C．poor people in America will become rich |
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D．housing companies will build more houses for the poor |
4.If this passage comes from a paper, on which page would it be?
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A．Society． |
B．Science． |
C．Economy． |
D．Business． |
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