Question

【題目】 Some years ago, Michel-Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why? Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.

The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill,” recalls (回憶) Andre, who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona.

Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before.

It was not an easy task. Sound waves don't travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (鹽度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path.

What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.

As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.

“The ocean is not our world,” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.

【1】What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Stubborn.B.Flexible.C.Dull.D.Friendly.

【2】What’s one way to solve the problem according to the text?

A.To lower the speed of ships.

B.To reduce the number of ships.

C.To set up preserves under the sea.

D.To give the injured animals timely treatment.

【3】What is the author’s attitude towards what Michel Andre has done?

A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.C.Positive.D.Uncaring.

【4】What is the text mainly about?

A.A great expert.B.Noise in the sea.

C.Animals in the sea.D.Sea exploration technology.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了海底噪音對(duì)海洋生物的影響以及如何降低海底噪音的問題。

【1】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously可知，鯨魚被靠近的船只碰撞，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡苁菍?duì)船只所產(chǎn)生的噪音比較“遲鈍”。故可知?jiǎng)澗�部分單詞意思為“遲鈍的”。A. Stubborn.固執(zhí)的；B. Flexible.靈活的；C. Dull.遲鈍的；D. Friendly.友好的。故選C。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18 km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.（也有可能將船只減速到每小時(shí)18公里或更少，這樣就不太可能嚴(yán)重傷害鯨魚。）可知，降低船只速度是文中提到的一種解決辦法。故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.（由于他的工作，我們可以更好地了解海底聲音污染的影響。）可知，作者對(duì)Michel Andre所做的工作十分認(rèn)可。故選C。

【4】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了海底噪音對(duì)海洋生物的影響以及如何降低海底噪音的問題，故B項(xiàng)最符合文章主旨。

詞義猜測(cè)題是高考閱讀理解中�？碱}型之一，可以大致分為

① 定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。

② 邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測(cè)詞義，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。

③ 語法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。

④ 語境猜詞，猜測(cè)詞義離不開上下文的語境，通過上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。

比如本題1，根據(jù)劃線詞后的 the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously可知，鯨魚被靠近的船只碰撞，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡苁菍?duì)船只所產(chǎn)生的噪音比較“遲鈍”。故可知?jiǎng)澗�部分單詞意思為“遲鈍的”。A. Stubborn.固執(zhí)的；B. Flexible.靈活的；C. Dull.遲鈍的；D. Friendly.友好的。故選C。