Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it?
　　While such vigilant(警覺的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.
　　In many cases, screening can lead to additional biopsies and surgeries to remove cancer, which can cause side effects, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups. 
　　It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(預(yù)期壽命).
　　A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.
　　It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that make sense for the whole patient. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care and stop talking about the rationing of health care.”
　　That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.
小題1:Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?
A．It is believed to contribute to long life.
B．It is part of their health care package.
C．The elderly are more sensitive about their health.
D．The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.
小題2:How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?
A．It adds too much to their medical bills.
B．It helps increase their life expectancy.
C．They are doubtful about necessity.
D．They think it does more than good.
小題3:What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?
A．It applies to women over 50.
B．It is a must for adult women.
C．It is optional for young women.
D．It doesn’t apply to women over 74.
小題4:Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?
A．They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
B．They want to take advantage of the medical care system.
C．They want data for medical research.
D．They want their patients to suffer less.
小題5:What does the author say is the general view about health care?
A．The more, the better.
B．Prevention is better than cure.
C．Better early than late.
D．Better care, longer life.

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:B
小題4:A
小題5:A

文章大意：文章圍繞年齡大的人應(yīng)該進(jìn)行常規(guī)檢查防癌的這中傳統(tǒng)做法的利弊以及最近研究人員的觀點(diǎn)及原因解釋。
小題1:D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題：Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it? 隨著年齡增長，我們患癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)急劇增加。因此老年人應(yīng)該進(jìn)行常規(guī)檢查以防腫瘤是有道理的。
小題2:C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題：While such vigilant(警覺的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. 盡管總的來說對癌癥這樣警覺是好事，但研究者們越來越質(zhì)疑對老年人來說，所有這些測試是否必要。
小題3:B 推理判斷題： But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained，但是每個(gè)人必須檢查防癌的這個(gè)想法是如此根深蒂固。
小題4:A 推理判斷題：Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves. 許多醫(yī)生讓進(jìn)行這么多測試，純粹是為了保護(hù)自己。cover,對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的protect, 是遮掩；掩護(hù)；保護(hù)的意思。
小題5:A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題：going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better. 違背這個(gè)被舞蹈的理念：當(dāng)談到衛(wèi)生保健的時(shí)候，越多越好。
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To achieve this goal, we must figure out what causes sleepiness and sleeplessness.
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D．The majority of the world's population can't sleep well．
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（共5小題，每小題3分，滿分15分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。
You may know the benefits of laughter on the mind and spirit. __1__. Norman Cousins used to say that laughter is so beneficial for your body that is like “inner jogging”.
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Laughter, it's the best medicine.
A. Laughter is also good for your heart.
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D. However, are you aware of how much a good laugh can help you physically?
E. A good laugh relieves physical tension and stress.
F. You cannot maintain muscle tension when you are laughing!
G. You are likely to feel better and deal with problems more effectively.

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