18．One day，I received a call from a colleague．He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem，while the student claimed a perfect score．I was elected as their arbiter（仲裁人）．I read the examination problem："Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer（氣壓計(jì)）．"The student had answered；"Take the barometer to the top of the building，attach a long rope to it，lower it to the street，and then bring it up，measuring the length of the rope．The length of it is the height of the building．"
The student had really answered the question completely，but the answer didn't confirm his competence in physics．I suggested the student try again．I gave him six minutes to answer the question，warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics．Five minutes later，he said he had many answers and dashed off one，which read："Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof．Drop the barometer，timing its fall with a stopwatch．Then，use the physical formula（公式）to calculate the height of the building．"
At this point，my colleague had to accept it，and then the student made almost full marks．I couldn't help asking the student what the other answers were．He listed many others，and then added，"Probably the best is to take the barometer to the administrator and said to him，‘Sir，here is a fine barometer．If you tell me the height of the building，I will give it to you．"，
Then，I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional（傳統(tǒng)的） answer to this question．He admitted that he did，but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think．
The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world．He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922．
1．The student got a zero at the beginning becauseD．
A．the teacher wasn't satisfied with him
B．his answer wasn't complete or correct
C．the teacher didn't fully understand his answer
D．his answer didn't show his knowledge of physics
2．We know from the passage thatA．
A．the student knew the expected answer
B．the administrator told Bohr the height
C．the author preferred Bohr's last answer
D．the teacher was a very stubborn person
3．We can learn from the passage thatC．
A．instructors can teach students how to think
B．a(chǎn)rbiters can help students to get high scores
C．students should be given more freedom in thinking
D．teachers should make students use physical formulas
4．What was Bohr's attitude toward his schooling？B
A．Optimistic
B．Critical
C．Approving
D．Neutral．
分析 文章從一個(gè)學(xué)生的物理答案得0分說起，得出的結(jié)論是應(yīng)該允許學(xué)生自由地思考．
解答 1．D：推理題：從第一段這個(gè)學(xué)生的回答The length of it is the height of the building，可知這個(gè)學(xué)生用繩子測量高度而不是壓力，他的答案沒有涉及到物理方面的知識(shí)．選D
2．A：細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：Then，I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question．He admitted that he did，可知這個(gè)學(xué)生知道這個(gè)問題的答案．選A
3．C：主旨題題：文章寫了一個(gè)學(xué)生的物理答案由于不涉及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)知識(shí)而得0分，得出的結(jié)論是應(yīng)該允許學(xué)生自由地思考．故選C
4．B：推理題：從倒數(shù)第二段的句子：but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think，但是他說他受夠了高中和大學(xué)的老師教他如何思考．可知Bohr對(duì)高中的生活是批評(píng)的．選B．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文內(nèi)容比較適中，對(duì)于考生的能力要求不高，只要認(rèn)真細(xì)致閱讀，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)答案．可以先看題目再讀文章，這樣可以提高閱讀的速度．還要準(zhǔn)確定位考點(diǎn)．特別是推理題，要結(jié)合上下文的暗示做題，掌握方法是關(guān)鍵．
