Throughout the world, boys and girls prefer to play with different types of toys. Boys typically like to play with cars and trucks, while girls typically choose to play with dolls. Why is this? A traditional sociological explanation is that boys and girls are socialized and encouraged to play with different types of toys by their parents, peers, and the “society”. Growing scientific evidence suggests, however, that boys’ and girls’ toy preferences may have a biological origin.

In 2002, Gerianne M. Alexander of Texas A&M University and Melissa Hines of City University in London surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sex typical toy preferences as humans. In the study, Alexander and Hines gave two masculine toys (a ball and a police car), two feminine toys (a soft doll and a cooking pot), and two neutral toys (a picture book and a stuffed dog) to 44 male and 44 female monkeys. They then assessed the monkeys’ preference for each toy by measuring how much time they spent with each. Their data showed that male monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the masculine toys, and the female monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the feminine toys. The two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys.

If children’ s toy preferences were largely formed by gender socialization, as traditional sociologists’ claim, in which their parents give “gender appropriate” toys to boys and girls, how can these male and female monkeys have the same preferences as boys and girls？They were never socialized by humans, and they had never seen these toys before in their lives.

1.Traditional sociologists believe boys’ and girls’ toy preferences ________

A．a(chǎn)re passed down from their parents

B．a(chǎn)re largely formed in later life

C．have nothing to do with gender socialization

D．have a biological origin

2.The study by Alexander and Hines shows that monkeys________

A．a(chǎn)lso have a sex typical toy preference

B．a(chǎn)lso play toys as humans do

C．have no toy preferences

D．like to play different toys at different time

3.Alexander and Hines carried out the study to ________

A．find more evidence for traditional sociology

B．test the intelligence of monkeys

C．test whether monkeys like to play toys

D．find out why boys and girls prefer different toys

4.According to the study, if given a stuffed dog, _______

A．only the male monkeys showed interest

B．the female monkeys showed more interest

C．the male and female monkeys showed the same interest

D．neither the male nor the female monkeys showed any interest

 

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了男孩女孩在選擇玩具方面的不同，通過做實(shí)驗(yàn)，得出結(jié)論，這是由生理因素造成的。

1.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：however, that boys’ and girls’ toy preferences may have a biological origin.可知孩子喜歡不同的玩具是因?yàn)樯硪蛩亍＿xB

2.細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：University in London surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sex typical toy preferences as humans.可知猴子也有這樣的偏愛。選A

3.推理題：從文章最后一段的內(nèi)容，可知這項(xiàng)研究是為了弄清男孩和女孩為什么喜歡不同的玩具。選D

4.推理題：從文章第二段的句子：The two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys.可知對玩具狗公猴子和母猴子沒有什么差別。選C

考點(diǎn)：考查社會現(xiàn)象類短文

點(diǎn)評：這類閱讀理解要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋�？忌紫纫屑�(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

 

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