Question

【題目】閱讀理解。

Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend, sibling (兄弟姐妹) or colleague, remember they could be helping to make you smarter.

New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be boosted throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually stretching (拉伸) careers.

The study challenges the commonly held belief that intelligence is static by the age of about 18. Current scientific consensus suggests that intelligence is controlled by genes, with environmental factors such as schooling and nutrition playing a partial role up to this age. After this point, IQ scores stabilize (穩(wěn)定).

But James Flynn, professor of political studies and psychology at the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can “upgrade” their own intelligence throughout their lives. He believes intellectual stimulation (刺激) from others is crucial as the “brain seems to be rather like a muscle – the more you use it, the stronger it gets”. However, the opposite is also true – so people sharing a home or workplace with those who are intellectually challenged risk seeing their IQ levels fall as a result.

He found the “understanding quality” of a family changes the IQs of all members, especially children. It can “l(fā)ift” or hold back, depending on the “gap between their brightness and that of their siblings and parents”. A bright ten-year-old with brothers and sisters of average intelligence will suffer a five to ten point IQ disadvantage, compared to a similar child with equally bright siblings. However, children with a low IQ could gain six to eight points by having brighter siblings and special educational treatment to help pull them up.

Professor Flynn also concluded that although genetics and early life experiences determine about 80 percent of intelligence, the remaining 20 percent is linked to lifestyle. This means that people can raise their IQ, or allow it to fall, by ten points or more. Therefore, the best way to boost IQ level is to mix with bright friends, find an intellectually challenging job and marry someone cleverer.

【1】We can learn from the passage that ____.

A. as the age grows, you will become smarter

B. a 35-year-old man is surely smarter than himself at the age of 18

C. you will be smarter if you have a partner, a friend or a sibling

D. after 18, you still have the possibility to become smarter

【2】The underlined word “static” in the 3rd paragraph probably means ____.

A. unstable B. fixed

C. varied D. repeated

【3】James Flynn holds the belief that ____.

A. intellectual stimulation from others makes the brain work better

B. people should avoid working with those intellectually challenged

C. one’s IQ could be held back if he has bright brothers or sisters

D. the IQ of children is least influenced by the understanding level of a family

【4】 What’s the best title for the passage?

A. Genetics Determines Intelligence.

B. Watch Out for Intelligence Falling.

C. Bright Siblings Make You Smarter.

D. Brain Is Like Muscle.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】A

【4】C

【解析】

試題分析：和聰明的人一起玩吧！研究表明那樣你也會(huì)聰明。

【1】D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be boosted throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually stretching (拉伸) careers. 一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，智力不是固定不變的，而是在整個(gè)成年期都會(huì)受到影響，家庭成員、聰明的配偶以及拓展智力的職業(yè)都會(huì)促進(jìn)智力的提高。第四段第一句But James Flynn, professor of political studies and psychology at the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can “upgrade” their own intelligence throughout their lives. 但是新西蘭奧塔哥大學(xué)政治學(xué)和心理學(xué)退休榮譽(yù)教授詹姆斯·弗林說(shuō)，人們能一輩子“升級(jí)”自己的智商。故選D。

【2】B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句New research shows that intelligence is not fixed一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，智力不是固定不變的；第三段第一句The study challenges the commonly held belief that intelligence is static by the age of about 18. 這項(xiàng)研究挑戰(zhàn)了普遍持有的信念，到大約18歲的時(shí)候智力就處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。故選B。

【3】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中He believes intellectual stimulation (刺激) from others is crucial as the “brain seems to be rather like a muscle – the more you use it, the stronger it gets”. 他相信來(lái)自他人的智力刺激很重要，因?yàn)椤按竽X似乎更像一塊肌肉——你用的越多，它就變的越強(qiáng)”。故選A。

【4】C主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一、二段Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend, sibling or colleague, remember they could be helping to make you smarter.下次當(dāng)你的伴侶、朋友、兄弟姐妹或同事的觀點(diǎn)讓你大吃一驚的時(shí)候，記住他們能讓你更聰明。New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be boosted throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually stretching careers.新研究指出，在整個(gè)成年期里，智力不是固定不變的，而是可以通過(guò)家庭成員、聰明的伙伴以及用智力拓展的事業(yè)來(lái)提高的。可知C項(xiàng)最適合做題目。