【題目】Joanna Cole, born on August 11, 1944 in Newark, New Jersey, has been credited to be one of the most popular children’s authors of all time. She has written over 250 books and is famous for writing one of the most popular children's book series. She knew as early as 5th grade that she was interested in writing and science. Cole has owed a large part of her passion to one of her elementary school teachers.

Joanna Cole continued her education by attending the University of Massachusetts and Indiana. She would eventually earn a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the City College of New York in 1967; after graduation Cole decided to take some education courses to become a librarian at a Brooklyn elementary school in 1967. Eventually, she would take jobs working for Newsweek, Seesaw book club.

Cole’s passion for writing and science was still alive and well during this time. In 197l she decided to write her first book, Cockroaches. She did some research and discovered there had never been a book written for children about cockroaches. So she thought she would be the first.

Cole struck gold when she wrote the first Magic School Bus in 1985. The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.

Cole continued to write both non-fiction and fiction books for children. She writes in a way that will hopefully inspire children to think like a scientist. She does this by writing ideas instead of just facts. She also tries to ask questions in her books that require children to think and discover the answers as they read. This creates an engaging experience for children, so it is no wonder why younger readers are hooked on her books.

【1】When Joanna Cole was young, she ________.

A. got inspired by one of her teachers

B. was very popular with children

C. began her career of writing novels

D. knew what she would do in the future

【2】What does the underlined phrase probably mean?

A. Got ideas. B. Made a promise.

C. Made a fortune. D. Obtained help.

【3】What do we know about Joanna Cole?

A. She is the most famous woman writer in America.

B. She is an expert at getting science across to readers.

C. She writes novels not only for kids but for adults.

D. She has made great contributions to science.

【4】What kind of person is Cole in the passage?

A. Talented and creative. B. Popular and reliable.

C. Serious and honest. D. Positive and brave.

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述被譽(yù)為有史以來(lái)最受歡迎的兒童作家喬安娜·柯爾，早在小學(xué)五年級(jí)的時(shí)候，喬安娜·柯爾發(fā)現(xiàn)自己愛好寫作和科學(xué)。喬安娜認(rèn)為她創(chuàng)作的主要激情來(lái)自她的一位小學(xué)老師。她的作品《蟑螂》和《神奇校車》獲得了極大的成功。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后的“Cole has owed a large part of her passion to one of her elementary school teachers.”可知，喬安娜·柯爾的寫作激情主要來(lái)自她的一位小學(xué)老師，因此可知，在她小的時(shí)候受到她的老師的激勵(lì)。故選A項(xiàng)正確。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線句下文“The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.”可知，這本書第二年繼續(xù)出版并很快成為系列書籍和卡通系列劇。因此推斷喬安娜·柯爾的第一本書賺了錢。所以畫線部分意思是“發(fā)財(cái)”，與make a fortune意義相近。故選C項(xiàng)正確。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段二、三、四句“She writes in a way that will hopefully inspire children to think like a scientist. She does this by writing ideas instead of just facts. She also tries to ask questions in her books that require children to think and discover the answers as they read.”可知，喬安娜以希望能夠鼓舞孩子們像科學(xué)家一樣思考的方式來(lái)寫作，她的作品就是她的想法，而絕不僅僅是事實(shí)說(shuō)明。在她的書里她也試圖提出問題，要求孩子們?cè)陂喿x的時(shí)候去解答這個(gè)問題。因此推斷她擅長(zhǎng)傳遞科學(xué)給讀者。故選B項(xiàng)正確。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“She knew as early as early as 5th grade that she was interested in writing and science.”可知，喬安娜早在五年級(jí)就對(duì)寫作和科學(xué)感興趣，說(shuō)明她是有天賦的；根據(jù)最后三段的內(nèi)容可知，喬安娜非常具有創(chuàng)造性，她發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有一本兒童圖書介紹過(guò)關(guān)于蟑螂的故事，因此寫了她的第一本書《蟑螂》，她的作品《神奇校車》更是非常受讀者的歡迎，獲得了很大成功，這些都說(shuō)明她是一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的人。故選D項(xiàng)正確。

高考中詞義推斷可以是一個(gè)單詞的意義推斷，也可以是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或句子的意義推斷，既可以是生詞意義，也可以是熟詞新意；還可以是對(duì)替代詞所替代內(nèi)容的判斷。在閱讀理解題中，所考查的詞或短語(yǔ)的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)短文提供的語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)閱讀上下文，根據(jù)已知的信息或常識(shí)來(lái)推斷尚不熟悉的詞或詞組的含義。詞義猜測(cè)主要的解題策略有：語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)、語(yǔ)法猜詞和常識(shí)猜詞。

其中的語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)最為常用。語(yǔ)境既上下文。由于上下文中的生詞不是孤立存在的，其詞義與句中其它詞的詞義或具體的語(yǔ)境有著密切的聯(lián)系。因此在閱讀過(guò)程中，許多生詞的詞義可以充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境來(lái)推測(cè)。運(yùn)用邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易得分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語(yǔ)言之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語(yǔ)言之間的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)而達(dá)到猜詞的目的。

【解題剖析】

第二小題就屬于猜測(cè)詞義中依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義。答案需要推斷畫線部分的意思。

【答案定位】

根據(jù)畫線句下文“The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.”可知，這本書第二年繼續(xù)出版并很快成為系列書籍和卡通系列劇。因此推斷畫線句表示與此句意義一致，喬安娜·柯爾的第一本書賺了錢。

【推理關(guān)系】

題干What does the underlined phrase probably mean?文章內(nèi)容The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success. C. Made a fortune.

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