Question

【題目】 Ants know when an earthquake is about to strike, researchers have discovered. Their behavior changes significantly prior to the quake and they resume normal functioning only a day after it. Gabriele Berberich of the University Duisburg-Essen in Germany presented these findings on Thursday at the European Geosciences Union annual meeting in Vienna according to LiveScience.

Berberich and her colleagues discovered that red wood ants preferred to build their colonies right along active faults in Germany. They counted 15,000 mounds （土堆)）lining the faults. These faults are the places where the earth violently bursts in earthquakes.

Using a special camera that tracked changes in activity. Berberich and her colleagues tracked the ants round the clock for three years, 2016 to 2019. They found that the ants' behavior changed only when the quake was over magnitude （級(jí)數(shù)）2. There were 10 earthquakes between magnitude 2.0 and 3.2 during this period, and many smaller ones. Humans can also sense quakes of over magnitude 2 only.

According to Berberich, normal ant activity consists of going about collecting food etc,during the day and resting in the night But before an earthquake, the ants didn't go back to their mound in the night and moved around outside it. This strange and abnormal behavior continued till a day after the earthquake, Berberich told a news conference, according to Livescience.

How do ants know an earthquake is coming? Berberich suggested that they could either be picking up changing gas emissions or noting tiny changes in the Earth's magnetic fields （磁場(chǎng)）. "Red wood ants have special cells which can detect changes in carbon dioxide levels. They also have special cells for detecting electromagnetic fields." she said. Berberich and her colleagues are planning to continue the research in areas where there are more and bigger earthquakes

【1】What's the meaning of the underlined word "resume" in Paragraph 1?

A.Form.B.Avoid.

C.Recover.D.Improve.

【2】What's the function of the first paragraph?

A.To lead to the main topic.B.To describe a new species of ant,

C.To introduce a famous researcherD.To tell how to predict an earthquake.

【3】What happens to the ants before an earthquake?

A.They have no appetite.B.They are too excited to rest.

C.They get lost on their way home.D.They refuse to go inside their nests.

【4】What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A.Ants can only detect smaller earthquakes.

B.The result of the research is completely reliable.

C.Ants may have two ways to predict earthquakes.

D.Researchers don't know how ants predict earthquakes.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

本文為說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)對(duì)紅木蟻的追蹤研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻能預(yù)測(cè)地震的發(fā)生。

【1】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This strange and abnormal behavior continued till a day after the earthquake” 這種奇怪和反常的行為一直持續(xù)到地震后的一天。所以研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，螞蟻知道地震何時(shí)來(lái)襲。他們的行為在地震前發(fā)生了很大的變化，那么在震后很快就 “恢復(fù)” 正常了。故可推斷出“resume”的意思為“恢復(fù)”。故選C。

【2】推理判斷題。文章第一段“Ants know when an earthquake is about to strike, researchers have discovered”提出了螞蟻能預(yù)測(cè)地震的發(fā)生。接著在第二段一直到最后一段敘述了Berberich和她的同事對(duì)紅木蟻的追蹤研究，得出了紅木蟻是如何知道地震的來(lái)臨。因此可推斷出第一段是為了引出下文的主題。故選A。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題題。第四段“But before an earthquake, the ants didn't go back to their mound in the night and moved around outside it. This strange and abnormal behavior continued till a day after the earthquake,” 但在地震前，螞蟻晚上沒(méi)有回到自己的土堆（巢穴），而是在巢穴外活動(dòng)。此處的their “mound”是指螞蟻的“nests（巢穴）”，由此可知，螞蟻在震前沒(méi)有進(jìn)入它們的巢，故選D。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段How do ants know an earthquake is coming? Berberich suggested that they could either be picking up changing gas emissions or noting tiny changes in the Earth's magnetic fields （磁場(chǎng)）. "Red wood ants have special cells which can detect changes in carbon dioxide levels. They also have special cells for detecting electromagnetic fields." 螞蟻如何知道地震即將來(lái)臨? Berberich指出他們要么是在監(jiān)測(cè)不斷變化的氣體排放，要么是注意到地球磁場(chǎng)的微小變化。“紅木蟻有特殊的細(xì)胞，可以檢測(cè)二氧化碳含量的變化。他們也有特殊的細(xì)胞來(lái)探測(cè)電磁場(chǎng)。”由此判斷出， 螞蟻可能有兩種方法來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)地震，即檢測(cè)二氧化碳的變化和探測(cè)電磁場(chǎng)。故選C。

推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類(lèi)題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴(lài)于合乎邏輯的推理。第4小題屬于推理判斷題。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段How do ants know an earthquake is coming? Berberich suggested that they could either be picking up changing gas emissions or noting tiny changes in the Earth's magnetic fields （磁場(chǎng)）. "Red wood ants have special cells which can detect changes in carbon dioxide levels. They also have special cells for detecting electromagnetic fields." 螞蟻如何知道地震即將來(lái)臨? Berberich指出他們要么是在監(jiān)測(cè)不斷變化的氣體排放，要么是注意到地球磁場(chǎng)的微小變化�！凹t木蟻有特殊的細(xì)胞，可以檢測(cè)二氧化碳含量的變化。他們也有特殊的細(xì)胞來(lái)探測(cè)電磁場(chǎng)�！庇纱伺袛嗵�， 螞蟻可能有兩種方法來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)地震。故選C。

根據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，推斷合理信息。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說(shuō)，要做到判斷有據(jù), 推論有理, 忠實(shí)原文。切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論。