Question

【題目】 China’s war on garbage is as digital as the country itself. Think QR codes attached to trash bags that allow the government to trace exactly where its trash comes from.

On July 1, Shanghai began a compulsory garbage sorting program. Households and companies must classify their wastes into four categories and dump them in appointed places at certain times. The strict program became a headache for some residents. Not even the most environmentally conscious person can get all the answers right. Like, which bin does the newspaper you just used to pick up dog poop (糞便)belong to?

Gratefully, China’s tech startups are here to help. For instance, China’s biggest internet companies responded with new search features that help people identify what wastes are “wet”, “dry”, “toxic”, or “recyclable”. Simply pull up a mini app on WeChat, Baidu or Alipay and enter the keyword. The tech firms will give you the answer and why.

Alipay, Alibaba’s electronics payment company, claims its garbage sorting mini app added one million users under just three days. The mini app has so far indexed (編索引) more than 4,000 types of rubbish. Its database is still growing, and soon it will save people from typing by using image recognition to classify trash when they snap a photo of it. If people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well, startups are offering trash service at the doorstep. A third-party developer helped Alipay build a recycling mini app and is now collecting garbage from 8,000 apartment complexes across 11 cities. To date, two million people have sold recyclable materials through its platform.

Besides helping households out, companies are also building software to make property managers, life easier. Some residential complexes in Shanghai began using QR codes to trace the origin of garbage. This way, regulators in the region know exactly which family has produced the trash and fine violators.

【1】What are some residents confused about?

A.Environmental knowledge.B.Bin for dog poop.

C.Some waste classification.D.Time for dumping.

【2】What is the advantage of trash service at the doorstep?

A.It provides time flexibility.B.It reduces household waste.

C.It saves people from typing.D.It classifies rubbish properly.

【3】Who will probably most welcome the use of QR codes?

A.Third-party developers.B.Company managers.

C.Community administrators.D.Rubbish collectors.

【4】What is the main idea of this article?

A.People need recycling apps badly.

B.People should classify their rubbish.

C.How regulators benefit from the tech.

D.How China uses tech to sort waste.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講了中國如何利用數(shù)字技術(shù)進(jìn)行垃圾分類。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的The strict program became a headache for some residents. Not even the most environmentally conscious person can get all the answers right.可知，對(duì)一些居民來說，嚴(yán)格的垃圾分類計(jì)劃變得令人頭痛。 即使是最環(huán)保的人也不能得到正確的答案。由此可知，一些居民對(duì)垃圾分類是很困惑的。故選C。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的If people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well, startups are offering trash service at the doorstep.可知，如果人們太忙或太懶而趕不上收集垃圾的時(shí)間，那么，創(chuàng)業(yè)公司正在門口提供垃圾服務(wù)就再好不過了。由此可知，上門收垃圾的好處就是時(shí)間靈活。故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Some residential complexes in Shanghai began using QR codes to trace the origin of garbage. This way, regulators in the region know exactly which family has produced the trash and fine violators. 可知，上海的一些住宅區(qū)開始使用二維碼來追蹤垃圾的來源。這樣，該地區(qū)的監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)就能確切地知道哪個(gè)家庭生產(chǎn)了垃圾和對(duì)違規(guī)者進(jìn)行罰款。由此推知，社區(qū)管理員會(huì)最歡迎使用二維碼，以監(jiān)管到位。故選C。

【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的China’s war on garbage is as digital as the country itself. Think QR codes attached to trash bags that allow the government to trace exactly where its trash comes from.可知，中國的垃圾大戰(zhàn)是數(shù)字化的，就像這個(gè)國家本身一樣。想想垃圾袋上的二維碼，它能讓政府精確追蹤垃圾的來源。由此可知，本文主要介紹了中國如何利用數(shù)字技術(shù)進(jìn)行垃圾分類的。故選D。

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)文章中某一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要事實(shí)的理解能力。在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決細(xì)節(jié)理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應(yīng)的句子（即定位），然后進(jìn)行比較和分析（尤其要注意一些同義轉(zhuǎn)換），從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關(guān)的句子（有時(shí)可能是幾個(gè)句子）或段落，然后進(jìn)行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。例如第2題，本題運(yùn)用定位法：先根據(jù)題干中的at the doorstep，定位到第四段的If people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well, startups are offering trash service at the doorstep.再根據(jù)本句意思：“如果人們太忙或太懶而趕不上收集垃圾的時(shí)間表，那么，創(chuàng)業(yè)公司正在門口提供垃圾服務(wù)就再好不過了�！笨梢赃M(jìn)一步理解people are too busy or lazy to hit the collection schedule, well就是指人們?nèi)永�圾的時(shí)間上和回收垃圾的時(shí)間對(duì)不上，那么創(chuàng)業(yè)公司正能在門口提供回收垃圾服務(wù)就顯示出上門收垃圾的好處是時(shí)間靈活。